A systematic review of the risks factors associated with the onset and natural progression of epilepsy

Walsh, Stephanie J.; Donnan, Jennifer; Fortin, Yannick; Sikora, Lindsey; Morrissey, Andrea; Collins, Kayla; MacDonald, Don

doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2016.03.011

Cited by 53 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 5 many cases, are diagnosed at later ages (Caye et al, 2017;Walsh et al, 2017). Children with ASD tend to suffer from non-psychiatric or neurological comorbidities, as depicted in our study and in previous studies as well (Vargason et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Comorbidity and health services' usage in children with autism spectrum disorder: a nested case–control study

Dizitzer

Meiri

Flusser

et al. 2020

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) tend to suffer from various medical comorbidities. We studied the comorbidity burden and health services' utilisation of children with ASD to highlight potential aetiologies and to better understand the medical needs of these children. Methods In this nested case–control study, ASD cases and controls – matched by age, sex and ethnicity in a 1:5 ratio – were sampled from all children born between 2009 and 2016 at a tertiary medical centre. Data were obtained from the hospital's electronic database. Comorbid diagnoses were classified according to pathophysiological aetiology and anatomical/systemic classification of disease. Standard univariate and multivariate statistics were used to demonstrate comorbidities and health services' utilisation patterns that are significantly associated with ASD. Results ASD children had higher rates of comorbidities according to both pathophysiological and anatomical/systemic classifications (p < 0.001). The most marked significant differences were observed for: hearing impairments (OR = 4.728; 95% CI 2.207–10.127) and other auricular conditions (OR = 5.040; 95% CI 1.759–14.438); neurological (OR = 8.198; 95% CI 5.690–11.813) and ophthalmological (OR = 3.381; 95% CI 1.617–7.068) conditions; and ADD/ADHD (OR = 3.246; 95% CI 1.811–5.818). A subgroup analysis revealed a more profound case–control difference in anaemia rates among girls than in boys (OR = 3.25; 95% CI 1.04–10.19 v. OR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.33–1.64 respectively) and an opposite trend (larger differences in males than in females in cardiovascular diseases (OR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.23–3.23 v. OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.17–3.45, respectively)). In addition, larger case–control differences were seen among Bedouin children than in Jewish children in a number of medical comorbidities (Breslow–Day test for homogeneity of odds ratio p-value <0.05). Finally, we found that children with ASD tended to be referred to the emergency department and to be admitted to the hospital more frequently than children without ASD, even after adjusting for their comorbidity burden (aOR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.08–1.50 and aOR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.11–1.47 for >1 referrals and admissions per year, respectively). Conclusions The findings of this study contribute to the overall understanding of comorbid conditions and health services' utilisation for children with ASD. The higher prevalences of comorbidities and healthcare services' utilisation for children with ASD highlight the additional medical burden associated with this condition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Comorbidity and health services' usage in children with autism spectrum disorder: a nested case–control study

Dizitzer

Meiri

Flusser

et al. 2020

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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“…Cerebral palsy and childhood onset epilepsy are serious neurological disorders associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality. 25 26 The causes of cerebral palsy and epilepsy are multifactorial, 25 27 32 33 34 35 but prenatal and perinatal events are important risk factors for both conditions. Cerebral palsy is commonly referred to as an umbrella diagnosis with reference to cause, severity, and symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five and 10 minute Apgar scores and risks of cerebral palsy and epilepsy: population based cohort study in Sweden

Persson

Razaz

Tedroff

et al. 2018

BMJ

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ObjectiveTo investigate associations between Apgar score at five and 10 minutes across the entire range of score values (from 0 to 10) and risks of childhood cerebral palsy or epilepsy, and to analyse the effect of changes in Apgar scores from five to 10 minutes after birth in infants born ≥37 completed weeks.Design, setting, and participantsPopulation based cohort study in Sweden, including 1 213 470 non-malformed live singleton infants, born at term between 1999 and 2012. Data on maternal and pregnancy characteristics and diagnoses of cerebral palsy and epilepsy were obtained by individual record linkages of nationwide Swedish registries.ExposuresApgar scores at five and 10 minutes.Main outcome measureCerebral palsy and epilepsy diagnosed up to 16 years of age. Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated, along with 95% confidence intervals.Results1221 (0.1%) children were diagnosed as having cerebral palsy and 3975 (0.3%) as having epilepsy. Compared with children with an Apgar score of 10 at five minutes, the adjusted hazard ratio for cerebral palsy increased steadily with decreasing Apgar score: from 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.6 to 2.2) for an Apgar score of 9 to 277.7 (154.4 to 499.5) for an Apgar score of 0. Similar and even stronger associations were obtained between Apgar scores at 10 minutes and cerebral palsy. Associations between Apgar scores and epilepsy were less pronounced, but increased hazard ratios were noted in infants with a five minute Apgar score of 7 or less and a 10 minute Apgar score of 8 or less. Compared with infants with an Apgar of 9-10 at both five and 10 minutes, hazard ratios of cerebral palsy and epilepsy were higher among infants with a five minute Apgar score of 7-8 and a 10 minute Apgar score of 9-10.ConclusionRisks of cerebral palsy and epilepsy are inversely associated with five minute and 10 minute Apgar scores across the entire range of Apgar scores.

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“…TBI might also confer a long-term risk for cognitive impairment and dementia, 11,12 stroke, 13,14 parkinsonism, [15][16][17] and epilepsy, 18 and is associated with an increased longterm mortality rate 19,20 compared with rates for the general population. These risks also occur in milder forms of TBI, especially after repetitive injuries.…”

Section: The Lancet Neurology Commissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Post-traumatic epilepsy is a well recognised complication of TBI. 18 Compared with the general population, there is a 1•5-times increased risk of developing epilepsy after mild TBI and a 17-times increased risk after severe TBI, which results in a 30-year cumulative risk of post-traumatic epilepsy that ranges from 2•1% for mild TBI to 16•7% for severe TBI. 109 Moreover, TBI accounts for about 5% of cases of epilepsy in the general population.…”

Section: The Lancet Neurology Commissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research

Maas¹,

Menon²,

Adelson³

et al. 2017

The Lancet Neurology

1,754

1,261

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A concerted effort to tackle the global health problem posed by traumatic brain injury (TBI) is long overdue. TBI is a public health challenge of vast, but insufficiently recognised, proportions. Worldwide, more than 50 million people have a TBI each year, and it is estimated that about half the world's population will have one or more TBIs over their lifetime. TBI is the leading cause of mortality in young adults and a major cause of death and disability across all ages in all countries, with a disproportionate burden of disability and death occurring in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). It has been estimated that TBI costs the global economy approximately $US400 billion annually. Deficiencies in prevention, care, and research urgently need to be addressed to reduce the huge burden and societal costs of TBI. This Commission highlights priorities and provides expert recommendations for all stakeholders—policy makers, funders, health-care professionals, researchers, and patient representatives—on clinical and research strategies to reduce this growing public health problem and improve the lives of people with TBI.Additional co-authors: Endre Czeiter, Marek Czosnyka, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Jens P Dreier, Ann-Christine Duhaime, Ari Ercole, Thomas A van Essen, Valery L Feigin, Guoyi Gao, Joseph Giacino, Laura E Gonzalez-Lara, Russell L Gruen, Deepak Gupta, Jed A Hartings, Sean Hill, Ji-yao Jiang, Naomi Ketharanathan, Erwin J O Kompanje, Linda Lanyon, Steven Laureys, Fiona Lecky, Harvey Levin, Hester F Lingsma, Marc Maegele, Marek Majdan, Geoffrey Manley, Jill Marsteller, Luciana Mascia, Charles McFadyen, Stefania Mondello, Virginia Newcombe, Aarno Palotie, Paul M Parizel, Wilco Peul, James Piercy, Suzanne Polinder, Louis Puybasset, Todd E Rasmussen, Rolf Rossaint, Peter Smielewski, Jeannette Söderberg, Simon J Stanworth, Murray B Stein, Nicole von Steinbüchel, William Stewart, Ewout W Steyerberg, Nino Stocchetti, Anneliese Synnot, Braden Te Ao, Olli Tenovuo, Alice Theadom, Dick Tibboel, Walter Videtta, Kevin K W Wang, W Huw Williams, Kristine Yaffe for the InTBIR Participants and Investigator

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A systematic review of the risks factors associated with the onset and natural progression of epilepsy

Cited by 53 publications

References 69 publications

Comorbidity and health services' usage in children with autism spectrum disorder: a nested case–control study

Comorbidity and health services' usage in children with autism spectrum disorder: a nested case–control study

Five and 10 minute Apgar scores and risks of cerebral palsy and epilepsy: population based cohort study in Sweden

Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research

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