A systematic review of the effectiveness of psychological approaches in the treatment of sex offenders with intellectual disabilities

Jones, Emma; Chaplin, Eddie

doi:10.1111/jar.12345

Cited by 35 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…An individual's progress with changing thinking patterns can be assessed through psychometric tools, such as the Questionnaire on Attitudes Consistent with Sexual Offending (Lindsay, Whitefield, & Carson, 2007) and the Victim Empathy Scale (Beckett & Fisher, 1994). Evaluations have returned positive results in these respects (Jones & Chaplin, 2018).…”

Section: Treatment Aims Resources and Measures Of Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 98%

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A realist analysis of treatment programmes for sex offenders with intellectual disabilities

Hollomotz

Greenhalgh

2019

Research Intellect Disabil

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Section: Treatment Aims Resources and Measures Of Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, the systematic reviews by Jones and Chaplin (2018) and Marotta (2017) It is worth pausing to consider the limitations to recidivism statistics. First, definitions of recidivism differ between settings, making comparisons difficult.…”

Section: Treatment Aims Resources and Measures Of Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

A realist analysis of treatment programmes for sex offenders with intellectual disabilities

Hollomotz

Greenhalgh

2019

Research Intellect Disabil

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“…It is arguable that the evidence base for many ID clinical interventions, whether pharmacological or psychosocial, is at a very early stage of development and has many gaps. Systematic reviews have consistently noted a lack of RCTs in the ID literature (Jones & Chaplin, 2020; Koslowski et al, 2016; Vereenooghe & Langdon, 2013). Moreover, many of the reported RCTs are under‐powered, do not specify how they handled missing data and have used outcome measures which have not yet been validated with ID populations (Mulhall et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges to conducting randomised controlled trials with adults with intellectual disabilities: Experiences of international experts

Mulhall¹,

Taggart²,

McAloon³

et al. 2020

Research Intellect Disabil

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Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) are the most popular method for assessing treatment effectiveness within health provision research. A strength of the RCT methodology is the adherence to a pre-defined study protocol relating to recruitment, intervention and analysis. Thus, RCTs are said to have high levels of internal validity (Katkade et al., 2018). Since the rise of the RCT methodology, there has been criticism of the external validity of RCTs. Most of this criticism has centred on a) ethical considerations regarding randomising to control groups (Oakley et al., 2003), and b) the generalisability of results to 'real-world' situations due to factors including small sample size, poor definition of syndromes and heterogeneity of samples (Mulder et al., 2018). However, a range of adaptations have been made to the RCT design in order to test effectiveness in a myriad of practical realistic conditions (Brown, Curran et al., 2017).In addition to practical and methodological threats, a trial's validity can also be negatively impacted by 'human factors'. There is growing research concerning the profile of participants who are often disproportionately included, and disproportionately excluded, from mainstream clinical trials (i.e. non-disability-specific trials conducted in the general population). Bonevski et al. (2014)

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“…The evidence-base for the adapted sex offender treatment programme (ASOTP) consists mainly of studies that have small samples and are uncontrolled. Nevertheless, the majority of the studies that have evaluated the ASOTP have reported promising results ( Jones and Chaplin, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the adapted sex offender treatment programme reduce cognitive distortions? A meta-analysis

Patterson

2018

JIDOB

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Purpose-For the 3.8 per cent of people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) who have offended sexually, the main form of treatment is the group-based, cognitive-behavioural, adapted sex offender treatment programme (ASOTP) that focusses on challenging cognitive distortions condoning sex offending. The purpose of this paper is to provide an evaluation of how effective the ASOTP is at reducing ID sex offenders' cognitive distortions. Design/methodology/approach-Three databases were searched systematically: PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Web of Science. Six studies met the inclusion criteria, yielding 118 participants. Using a random-effects model, effect sizes were calculated using pre-and post-treatment scores on a measure of cognitive distortions. The standardised mean difference (SMD) was 1.77 (95 per cent CI: 1.06, 2.46), which was statistically significant (po0.001) and "large". Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that this SMD was robust, and a check for publication bias revealed that it was unlikely that the "file drawer problem" confounded the meta-analysis. Findings-These results indicated that the ASOTP can significantly reduce ID sex offenders' cognitive distortions, regardless of treatment length, IQ level, language abilities, or offence type. Consistent with earlier reports, longer treatment resulted in the greatest reductions: the optimum treatment length was 24 months. Research limitations/implications-The ASOTP's current evidence is comprised wholly of case and quasi-experimental studies, none of which employed control groups. This paper highlights how there is a dire need for high-quality experimental evaluation of the ASOTP. Practical implications-Clinicians are advised to continue using the ASOTP as the main treatment for ID sex offenders until the effectiveness of the ASOTP is further examined using randomised controlled trials. Originality/value-This is the first meta-analytic review of the effectiveness of the ASOTP.

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A systematic review of the effectiveness of psychological approaches in the treatment of sex offenders with intellectual disabilities

Abstract: The current review provides limited evidence on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for sex offenders with ID, while also highlighting the need for further research.

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

A realist analysis of treatment programmes for sex offenders with intellectual disabilities

A realist analysis of treatment programmes for sex offenders with intellectual disabilities

Challenges to conducting randomised controlled trials with adults with intellectual disabilities: Experiences of international experts

Does the adapted sex offender treatment programme reduce cognitive distortions? A meta-analysis

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