A systematic review of the transtheoretical model of behaviour change and alcohol use

Abstract

Introdução: O estudo sobre o álcool tem aumentado em todo o mundo devido ao seu impacto social e econômico, e as doenças relacionadas ao uso de álcool estarem entre os distúrbios mais comuns de abuso de substâncias. Desta forma, faz-se necessário investigar os métodos mais eficazes e adequados de tratamento para diferentes populações. Método: Este trabalho analisou a literatura científica sobre o Modelo Transteórico de Mudança de Comportamento relacionados ao consumo de álcool. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, PepsiCo e Lilacs, utilizando os descritores transtheoretical model, transtheoretical approach, stages of change, processes of change e cycle of change cruzado com o descritor alcoholism, no período de dez anos (2001 a 2011). Principais resultados: A maioria das pesquisas encontradas utilizavam métodos longitudinais e quantitativos, além de uma prevalência no uso dos questionários Readiness to Change Questionnaire e University of Rhode Island Change Assessment utilizados na mensuração do ModeloTransteórico. Os resultados indicaram que outras variáveis podem influenciar o comportamento do indivíduo em relação à sua fase de mudança de comportamento e identificou problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool em pacientes que procuravam tratamento para outras condições de saúde. Esta constatação reforça a necessidade de práticas de triagens para a prevenção dos agravos relacionados ao uso de álcool.Implicações: O modelo Transteórico é importante no processo de mudança de comportamento, uma vez que permite a identificação dos estágios e a escolha de intervenções mais adequadas ao estágio do paciente, além de evitar que esforços sejam feitos na direção contrária à necessidade do usuário. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a necessidade de mais estudos na área, especialmente em relação às práticas de profissionais de saúde.

Standardized Models for Identification and Intervention for Emergency Department Patients at Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder

“…Furthermore, the research showed that the effectiveness of SBIRT was dependent on valid and reliable screening tools and interventions based on the setting, age, and gender of the individual. Two examples included the AUDIT-C16,17 and a brief intervention that was dependent on the individual's readiness to change 22,29. There has been a upward trend in the rates of individuals presenting to the ED for alcohol-related injuries or illnesses; the odds of an individual presenting to the ED for alcohol-related injuries or illnesses doubled from 1995 to 2010 (OR = 2.36; 95% CI, 5.0%, 9.7%; P < .05) 42,43…”

“…This initial assessment allows the clinician to intervene appropriately, based on individual responses. 29 The brief intervention and referral to treatment may be dependent on patients' readiness to change and self-awareness of their disease. 30,31 The universal idea is that change depends on numerous factors and personal circumstances currently affecting the lives of AUD patients, for example, social environment and depression.…”

“…Most studies assessed the stage of change but did not match an intervention to the targeted treatment based on the stages of change. 29…”

“…Two examples included the AUDIT-C 16,17 and a brief intervention that was dependent on the individual's readiness to change. 22,29 There has been a upward trend in the rates of individuals presenting to the ED for alcohol-related injuries or illnesses; the odds of an individual presenting to the ED for alcohol-related injuries or illnesses doubled from 1995 to 2010 (OR = 2.36; 95% CI, 5.0%, 9.7%; P < .05). 42,43 Nurses have negative perceptions of caring for and providing care to patients with AUD, and some feel this is not in their scope of practice and that it may even compromise the patient-provider relationship.…”

Trauma, stages of change and post traumatic growth in addiction: A new synthesis

“…Having considered addiction as a cause of trauma, this could be extrapolated to facilitate change and growth, as opposed to resolving root issues in an attempt to influence future behavior, with interventions in addiction treatment being reconsidered in terms of how they can be enhanced by PTG theory. Felicissimo et al (2014) conducted a systematic review of the TTM that if extrapolated to the ETM supports this idea by suggesting stage identification allows for the better adaptation of interventions.…”