A systematic review of the salient role of feminine norms on substance use among women

Brady, Jennifer; Iwamoto, Derek K.; Grivel, Margaux M.; Kaya, Aylin; Clinton, Lauren

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.005

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Studies measuring adherence to gender norms have been critiqued for underestimating the complexity of the relationship of gender norms with various social factors including race, ethnicity, religious identity, and sexual orientation [22]. For example, cross-sectional study designs assessing measures of male typicality or adherence to masculine or feminine norms at specific time-points may erroneously imply that gender norms are fixed [19]. For example, the CMNI and CFNI do not recognize or integrate historical or developmental changes in gender norms or the influence of culture and social and political contexts [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These expressions of 'hypermasculinity' enacted through substance use may include frequent using, binging and combining substances, all patterns which may increase the risk of negative health and social consequences. In contrast, traditional or hegemonic feminine norms include values and characteristics such as: nurturance, beauty, virtuousness and expressing emotions [19]. Dominant feminine norms tend to "emphasize risk aversion" and are typically negatively associated with substance-use behaviours in various studies [20].…”

Section: Gender Norms Roles and Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors were interested in individual conformity to traditional feminine norms and the relationship with substance use. The majority of studies used the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) which measures feminine traits based on societal norms, or the Conformity to Feminine Norms Inventory (CFNI) which assesses conformity to the following eight dominant feminine norms: nice in relationships, thinness, modesty, domestic, care for children, romantic relationship, sexual fidelity, and invest in appearance [19]. Their review found that 74% of studies identified a relationship between feminine norms and substance use.…”

Section: Conformity To Feminine Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Norms, Roles and Relations and Cannabis-Use Patterns: A Scoping Review

Hemsing

Greaves

2020

IJERPH

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Currently, boys and men use cannabis at higher rates than girls and women, but the gender gap is narrowing. With the legalization of recreational cannabis use in Canada and in multiple US states, these trends call for urgent attention to the need to consider how gender norms, roles and relations influence patterns of cannabis use to inform health promotion and prevention responses. Based on a scoping review on sex, gender and cannabis use, this article consolidates existing evidence from the academic literature on how gender norms, roles and relations impact cannabis-use patterns. Evidence is reviewed on: adherence to dominant masculine and feminine norms and cannabis-use patterns among adolescents and young adults, and how prevailing norms can be both reinstated or reimagined through cannabis use; gendered social dynamics in cannabis-use settings; and the impact of gender roles and relations on cannabis use among young adults of diverse sexual orientations and gender identities. Findings from the review are compared and contrasted with evidence on gender norms, roles and relations in the context of alcohol and tobacco use. Recommendations for integrating gender transformative principles in health promotion and prevention responses to cannabis use are provided.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gender Norms Roles and Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conformity To Feminine Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender Norms, Roles and Relations and Cannabis-Use Patterns: A Scoping Review

Hemsing

Greaves

2020

IJERPH

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“…Known manifestations of weight concerns-for example, eating disorders-are highly gendered globally, primarily affecting girls. 3,46,47 We used prospective cohort data from South Africa (Birth-to-20) 48 to examine how early normative pressures from peers affected adolescents' later weight control behaviour, and how this association differed by sex/gender and social context. The data are from mostly Black children (N=3,273) born in Soweto-Johannesburg in the early 1990s, during a period of rapid urbanisation 48 and simultaneous emergence of eating disorders among Black girls.…”

Section: Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Gender norms and health: insights from global survey data

et al. 2019

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Despite global commitments to achieving gender equality and improving health and well-being for all, quantitative data and methods to precisely estimate the effect of gender norms on health inequities are underdeveloped. Nonetheless, existing global, national, and sub-national data provide key opportunities for testing associations between gender norms and health. Using innovative approaches to analysing proxies for gender norms, we generated evidence that gender norms impact the health of women and men across life stages, health sectors, and world regions. Six case studies demonstrated that: 1) gender norms are complex and may intersect with other social factors to impact health over the life course; 2) early gender-normative influences by parents and peers may have multiple and differing health consequences for girls and boys; 3) non-conformity with, and transgression of, gender norms may be harmful to health, in particular when they trigger negative sanctions; and 4) the impact of gender norms on health can be context-specific, demanding care when designing effective gender-transformative health policies and programs. Limitations of survey-based data are described that resulted in missed opportunities for exploring certain populations and domains. Recommendations for optimising and advancing research on the health impacts of gender norms are made.

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“…24 For example, adherence to certain notions of acceptable feminine behaviour, in some contexts, is protective against harmful substance use. 44…”

Section: Dispelling Myths On Gender and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health

et al. 2019

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The Sustainable Development Goals offer the global health community a strategic opportunity to promote human rights, advance gender equality, and achieve health for all. The inability of the health sector to accelerate progress on a range of health outcomes brings into sharp focus the significant impact of gender inequalities and restrictive gender norms on health risks and behaviours. In this paper we draw on evidence from the Series on Gender Equality, Norms and Health to dispel three myths on gender and health and describe persistent barriers to progress. We propose an agenda for action to reduce gender inequality and shift gender norms for improved health outcomes, calling on leaders in national governments, global health institutions, civil society organisations, academia, and the corporate sector to 1) focus on health outcomes and engage actors across sectors to achieve them; 2) reform the workplace and workforce to be more gender equitable; 3) fill gaps in data and eliminate gender bias in research; 4) fund civil society actors and social movements; and 5) strengthen accountability mechanisms. Paper 5 Lancet Series on Gender Equality, Norms and Health Key Messages of the Series • Gender norms and inequalities affect health outcomes for girls and women, boys and men, and gender minorities.

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A systematic review of the salient role of feminine norms on substance use among women

Cited by 39 publications

References 67 publications

Gender Norms, Roles and Relations and Cannabis-Use Patterns: A Scoping Review

Gender Norms, Roles and Relations and Cannabis-Use Patterns: A Scoping Review

Gender norms and health: insights from global survey data

Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for health

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