A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people

Priest, Naomi; Paradies, Yin; Trenerry, Brigid; Truong, Mandy; Karlsen, Saffron; Kelly, Yvonne

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.031

Cited by 655 publications

(641 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…These findings are in line with several reviews and studies that have consistently suggested that experienced discrimination has a harmful psychological impact on those against whom it is directed (e.g., Brondolo et al, 2009b;Harrell, 2000;Harris et al, 2006: Krieger, 1999Paradies, 2006;Priest et al, 2012;Williams & Mohammed, 2009;2013a;2013b).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological outcomes among adult international adoptees in Finland: Moderating effects of social support and sense of coherence.

Koskinen

Elovainio

Raaska

et al. 2015

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Quantitative literature on international adoptees and racial/ethnic discrimination is lacking despite results in qualitative studies from Europe and the United States that have consistently indicated how racism constantly complicates adoptees' everyday lives. To advance the literature, the present study examined the prevalence of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination among 213 adult international adoptees in Finland (59.6% women and 40.4% men, mean age 24.1 years), and the association between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological well-being indicators, including psychological distress and sleeping problems.In addition, we examined social support and sense of coherence as moderators of the association between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological well-being. Our results showed that on average adult international adoptees perceived racial/ethnic discrimination occasionally. Hierarchical linear regression analyses indicated a significant association between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological distress and sleeping problems. Additionally, a significant two-way interaction of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and social support indicated that the availability of social support may moderate the association between perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological distress such that adoptees with high levels of social support may be protected from the Running head: PERCEIVED RACIAL/ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION 3 harmful effects of discrimination. These results highlight the meaning of social support in reducing the harmful effects of racial/ethnic discrimination on international adoptees.Finland is a Scandinavian state with one of the world's most comprehensive welfare systems, a high-quality education system, gender equality and human rights. Compared with other Nordic and most European countries, the number of people with a foreign background is still small in Finland. In 2011, the number of people of foreign origin was 257,000, about 5% of the total population of 5.4 million. By continent, 59% of all people with a foreign background were of European origin, 23% were of Asian origin, and 12% were of African

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Numerous review articles have found that racial/ethnic discrimination contributes to variations in health risks within racial and ethnic minorities (Brondolo, Gallo, & Myers, 2009b;Paradies, 2006;Priest et al, 2012;Williams & Mohammed, 2009;2013a;2013b).…”

Section: Racial/ethnic Discrimination and Psychological Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological outcomes among adult international adoptees in Finland: Moderating effects of social support and sense of coherence.

Koskinen

Elovainio

Raaska

et al. 2015

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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“…Previous studies (Bécares et al 2015;Paradies et al 2015;Harris et al 2015;Tran 2014;Priest et al 2013;Kelly et al 2013;Halim et al 2013;Williams and Mohammed 2009;Pascoe and Smart Richman 2009;Williams et al 2008;Miller and Kaiser 2001;Krieger 2000) show that racial discrimination has a negative effect influence on health outcomes, although mediators and moderators have been noted (Tran 2014;Halim et al 2013;Pascoe and Smart Richman 2009;Noh and Kaspar 2003;Noh et al 1999;Clark et al 1999). One of the few longitudinal studies of immigrant populations and one of the few conducted outside the USA, the UK Millennium Cohort Study of mothers from five ethnic backgrounds, found direct association between experiences of maternal and family racism and children's socioemotional development at age 11 years (Bécares et al 2015).…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Associations between perceived racism and mental health, socioemotional development, or behavioral outcomes have been found in the child and youth literature (Bécares et al 2015;Tran 2014;Priest et al 2013;George et al 2012;Pachter and Coll 2009), with recent studies also examining academic performance (Oxman-Martinez and Choi 2014;Oxman-Martinez et al 2012). Halim et al (2013) found perceived language-based discrimination to be associated with more frequent visits to the doctor for child-related sickness, with ethnic group attachment being a mitigating factor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Influence of Perceived Racial Discrimination on the Health of Immigrant Children in Canada

George

Bassani

2018

Int. Migration & Integration

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Racial discrimination and racism are recognized as determinants of health for adults. Less is understood regarding the influence of discrimination targeted towards parents, the family, or the cultural and children's health. Data from the New Canadian Children and Youth Study (NCCYS) are used in this paper. The NCCYS is a national, longitudinal study of children whose families settled in urban centers of Canada. We analyzed data from individuals who settled in the metropolitan Vancouver area from six ethnic communities: Mainland China, Hong Kong, the Philippines, Iran, Afghanistan, and the Punjab who were interviewed at two times, approximately 2 years apart. Data were collected on perceived parental, family, and cultural discrimination. Our dependent variable was parent-reported child health status. Over time, perceived parental discrimination and perceived family discrimination decreased; and both forms of discrimination had a positive effect on child health. In contrast, perceived cultural discrimination increased over time and had a negative effect on child health at both times. Different forms of discrimination have different effects on child health. Racial discrimination is complex. Its influence on either increasing family cohesion, and thereby leading to improved health, or increasing stress, thereby leading to poorer health needs to be explored further.

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“…This serves as a reminder to the educational community that the ongoing political debates about immigration as an economic or security issue has a racial aspect to it in schools-if not in society overall. This finding is reflected in research from other countries where there is an acknowledgement of race and racism in education, including Ireland (O'Connor, 2014), Norway (Linquist & Osler, 2015) and Australia (Priest et al, 2013). Given the pervasive response of a desire to hide in the face of such prejudice, it is a question as to whether coping mechanisms associated with resiliency were viewed as potential responses on the part of these students.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

International Perspectives On Trauma And Resilience Among Immigrant Students

Thornburg¹,

Mungai²

2017

European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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Schools with immigrant populations must find ways to support their students' success when there may be many culturally-and psychologically-diverse factors influencing their progress, including trauma and resilience. We asked whether there are causes and manifestations of trauma and resilience for immigrant students that can be identified through narratives and whether educators can develop supports for immigrants using research on trauma and resilience. Our purpose was to analyze narratives of immigrant students in U.S. schools, as well as review relevant studies, to guide development of school supports. We analyzed 28 stories of immigrant students (of equal gender) in New York City (Grades 8-12), originating from 10 countries across 4 continents using relevant research on trauma and resilience.Through coding and comparisons of themes, we found that the majority of students experienced traumarelated stressors of racism, xenophobia, loss of family, and language/social isolation while also describing resiliency-related factors, including peer interactions and family supports. The number of stressors and factors in the students' stories reflect the varied and complex nature of students' experiences in schools, suggesting that school responses to students must be equally varied, emphasizing the unique assets and needs of each. Part of a larger study on micro-, meso-and macro-analysis, we address the findings and offer implications for school policy and practices.

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A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people

Cited by 655 publications

References 72 publications

Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological outcomes among adult international adoptees in Finland: Moderating effects of social support and sense of coherence.

Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and psychological outcomes among adult international adoptees in Finland: Moderating effects of social support and sense of coherence.

Influence of Perceived Racial Discrimination on the Health of Immigrant Children in Canada

International Perspectives On Trauma And Resilience Among Immigrant Students

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