A systematic review of personality disorders and health outcomes.

Abstract

Personality disorders have been associated with a wide swath of adverse health outcomes and correspondingly high costs to healthcare systems. To date, however, there has not been a systematic review of the literature on health conditions among individuals with personality disorders. The primary aim of this article is to review research documenting the associations between personality disorders and health conditions. A systematic review of the literature revealed 78 unique empirical English-language peer-reviewed articles examining the association of personality disorders and health outcomes over the past 15 years. Specifically, we reviewed research examining the association of personality disorders with sleep disturbance, obesity, pain conditions, and other chronic health conditions. In addition, we evaluated research on candidate mechanisms underlying health problems in personality disorders and potential treatments for such disorders. Results underscore numerous deleterious health outcomes associated with PD features and PD diagnoses, and suggest potential biological and behavioural factors that may account for these relations. Guidelines for future research in this area are discussed.

Volunteering and health benefits in general adults: cumulative effects and forms

“…The serving process of other-oriented volunteering stresses unselfishness, sharing, other-directedness, and generosity, which are counteractive to the ego-centric and self-serving culture that is upheld nowadays and may harm mental and behavioural health [23]. In fact, some personal intrinsic motives, e.g.…”

The association between borderline personality disorder and somatoform disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…This systematic review concerns the diagnostic comorbidity between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and the somatic symptom and related disorders or somatoform disorders as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (American Psychiatric Association (APA) , 1980, 1994, 2013). Historically, these disorders have been conceptualized as fairly distinct; however, similarities in their clinical presentation-including shared risk factors (early trauma, gender), correlates (emotion dysregulation, self-harm), chronic course, and consequences (functional impairment, significant healthcare utilization)warrant closer consideration of their overlap (van Dijke, 2012;Dixon-Gordon, Whalen, Layden, & Chapman, 2015;van der Kolk et al, 1996;Quirk et al, 2016;Sansone, Wiederman, & McLean, 2008). Previous narrative reviews on this topic were published over 20 years ago, including the association of personality traits and disorders with somatoform disorders (Bass & Murphy, 1995;Kirmayer, Robbins, & Paris, 1994), and a review of published case studies that examined the comorbidity of personality disorders with factitious disorder (Goldstein, 1998).…”

Emotion Dysregulation Mediates the Relation Between Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Later Physical Health Symptoms

“…A small but growing body of research suggests an association between BPD and a broad range of physical health problems (see Dixon-Gordon, Whalen, Layden, & Chapman, in press). For example, studies using large, representative community samples have found a unique association between BPD and numerous physical health conditions, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension/arteriosclerosis, hepatic disease, gastrointestinal disease, arthritis, and venereal disease (e.g., El-Gabalawy et al, 2010; Moran et al, 2007), as well as various chronic pain conditions (e.g., musculoskeletal pain, headache; Braden & Sullivan, 2008; McWilliams & Higgins, 2013).…”