“…Most of retrospective clinical studies found that pyrocarbon PIP joint arthroplasty provided patients with excellent pain relief overall and maintained their preoperative PIP joint motion; however, overall implant complications has been very variable, with some good outcomes at short-medium-term follow-up (Branam et al, 2007;Bravo et al, 2007;Chung et al, 2009;Desai et al, 2014;Mashhadi et al, 2012;McGuire et al, 2012;Watts et al, 2012) and some bad outcomes at medium-longer-term follow-up (Chan et al, 2013;Daecke et al, 2012;Dickson et al, 2015;Hutt et al, 2012;Ono et al, 2012;Reissner et al, 2014;Squitieri and Chung, 2008;Sweets and Stern, 2011). Implant loosening with migration, dislocation and implant fracture were the main reported clinical complications (Chan et al, 2013;Ceruso et al, 2017;Dickson et al, 2015;Sweets and Stern, 2011;Reissner et al, 2014).…”