A systematic review of human giardiasis in Bangladesh: public health perspective

Abstract

Background: Giardiasis identified as a leading cause of gastrointestinal pathogen in young children worldwide, is also common in Bangladesh. There has been an emerging evidence of an association between giardiasis and child growth. This systematic review focuses only on Bangladeshi children. Prevalence of giardiasis with its adverse health effects and the advancement of diagnosis has been reviewed.Methods: A broad review of literature, electronic databases, and books within the time frame of 1970 and 2019 has been searched. Data published on giardiasis prevalence, outcomes (child growth, intestinal permeability, and diarrhea) and advances of diagnosis in Bangladesh has been searched.Results: Both assemblages A and B genotypes of Giardia lamblia are responsible for human giardiasis in Bangladesh. Recent studies on Bangladeshi children suggested Giardia species infections has an adverse impact on poor child growth which have further characterized associations with altered gut epithelial barrier dysfunction, as well as diarrhea. Indeed emerging evidence indicates the key consequence of Giardia colonization is nutrient malabsorption. Conclusions: In Bangladesh giardiasis remains a major public health concern, especially in children age <5 years but is considered as a neglected disease. In order to reduce the burden of giardiasis in developing countries such as Bangladesh, more focus is require to include this disease in public health policies.

Comparative Studies of Nutritional, Microbial and Organoleptic Properties of Different Indigenous Dried Fish from Local Market in Bangladesh

“…Our result is closely related the work of Hasan et al [14] who found he bacterial load of traditional dried SIS products ranged from 1.43×10 8 CFU/g to 2.89×10 8 CFU/g. Our obtained result much more higher as compare to the findings of Hossain et al [4] who obtained result from some dried fish varied between 7.06 × 10 3 CFU/g to 5.58 × 10 4 CFU/g. Furthermore, Ito et al [25] observed that the viable bacterial count of dried Sardine was 4.9 × 10 4 CFU/g and dried Jel fish was 1.0 × 10 7 CFU/g respectively.…”

“…Faturoti [15] showed that the gutted dried fish samples of African catfish (Clarias nigrodigitus) had a chemical composition of 6.27 to 10.92% moisture. According to Hossain et al, [4] who reported that sundried Rohu fish contained 10.30% moisture. According to Hasan et al, [17] who observed 13.71% to 26.42% of moisture in three small dried fishes which are known as small indigenous species (SIS).…”

“…But similar trend always not found. Dried fish products even with low moisture content stored under no protection against high humidity might be vehicle for bacteria responsible for food spoilage [4].…”

“…They possess significant role in nutrition, income, employment and foreign currency earning of the country. Bangladesh earns a significant amount of foreign currency by exporting dried fish and fishery products which ranks third in the export item of fish and fishery products [4]. Bangladesh earned about Taka 3.71 core as foreign currency by exporting about 272 tons of dried fish and fishery products in 2013-2014 [5].…”