A systematic review of health promotion and disease prevention program adaptations: How are programs adapted?

Implementing a Cognitive-Behavioral Pain Self-Management Program in Home Health Care, Part 1

“…Based upon a systematic review of the literature on translation of evidence-based programs (EBPs), Krivitsky and colleagues defined a 6-step process for program adaptation. 25 The process incorporates a literature review to identify EBPs to meet the needs of a targeted population, a needs assessment to determine the extent of the problem, direct feedback on the selected evidence-based intervention, gathering input on the program by content experts, adaptation based upon feedback, and pilot testing of the adapted program. 26 Since members of the translation team developed and implemented the CBPSM program in another setting, and the research team had a strong history of collaborative work on pain management in home care, this program translation process focused on gaining direct feedback on the original program, input from content experts, and program adaptation.…”

“…Typically, in program translation new content is added to address the specific needs of the target audience. 25 In the present project, implementing the CBPSM program within the context of usual home care physical therapy required the deletion of content, including the impact of thoughts and emotions on pain perception and pain behaviors. This particular content area, based upon cognitive restructuring, was perceived to be important for some patients.…”

Measuring the Value of Program Adaptation: A Comparative Effectiveness Study of the Standard and a Culturally Adapted Version of the Arthritis Self-Help Program

“…As program adaptation can be both time and labor intensive [20], understanding the value of adapting EBIs for use in new target populations is critically important. In a recent systematic review of 37 studies that undertook adaptations of evidence-based health promotion programs [20], 73% of the studies conducted uncontrolled pilot evaluations of the newly adapted program, but none examined the effectiveness of the adapted versus original program in the target population.…”

“…In diverse populations, adaptation may produce more effective programs than the original EBIs while also encouraging a sense of local ownership because the program is culturally tailored [10,18]. For these reasons, adaptation of EBIs is common and guidelines have been developed to facilitate the adaptation process [9,11,20].…”

Translational Research and Youth Development

“…In a synthesis of research on how health-related EBPs are adapted, Krivitsky et al (2012) found that 40 percent of the adapters reported having worked at maintaining fidelity by retaining core program elements, an approach to fidelity that is recommended in the published guidelines for adapting health-related EBPs. However, core elements are not identified in all EBPs.…”