A Systematic Review of Ethnoracial Representation and Cultural Adaptation of Mindfulness- and Meditation-Based Interventions

DeLuca, Sarah M.; Kelman, Alex R.; Waelde, Lynn C.

doi:10.1007/s12646-018-0452-z

Cited by 72 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Finally, a critical future direction is investigating the efficacy of mHealth MBIs specifically among (and ideally tailored for) [ 133 , 134 ] racial/ethnic minorities. Racial/ethnic minority populations are at increased risk for racism-related negative psychological and physical health consequences [ 135 ] and have been historically underrepresented in research on mindfulness [ 136 , 137 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial

Goldberg¹,

Imhoff-Smith²,

Bolt³

et al. 2020

JMIR Ment Health

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Background A growing number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest psychological benefits associated with meditation training delivered via mobile health. However, research in this area has primarily focused on mindfulness, only one of many meditative techniques. Objective This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 2 versions of a self-guided, smartphone-based meditation app—the Healthy Minds Program (HMP)—which includes training in mindfulness (Awareness), along with practices designed to cultivate positive relationships (Connection) or insight into the nature of the self (Insight). Methods A three-arm, fully remote RCT compared 8 weeks of one of 2 HMP conditions (Awareness+Connection and Awareness+Insight) with a waitlist control. Adults (≥18 years) without extensive previous meditation experience were eligible. The primary outcome was psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress). Secondary outcomes were social connection, empathy, compassion, self-reflection, insight, rumination, defusion, and mindfulness. Measures were completed at pretest, midtreatment, and posttest between October 2019 and April 2020. Longitudinal data were analyzed using intention-to-treat principles with maximum likelihood. Results A total of 343 participants were randomized and 186 (54.2%) completed at least one posttest assessment. The majority (166/228, 72.8%) of those assigned to HMP conditions downloaded the app. The 2 HMP conditions did not differ from one another in terms of changes in any outcome. Relative to the waitlist control, the HMP conditions showed larger improvements in distress, social connectedness, mindfulness, and measures theoretically linked to insight training (d=–0.28 to 0.41; Ps≤.02), despite modest exposure to connection- and insight-related practice. The results were robust to some assumptions about nonrandom patterns of missing data. Improvements in distress were associated with days of use. Candidate mediators (social connection, insight, rumination, defusion, and mindfulness) and moderators (baseline rumination, defusion, and empathy) of changes in distress were identified. Conclusions This study provides initial evidence of efficacy for the HMP app in reducing distress and improving outcomes related to well-being, including social connectedness. Future studies should attempt to increase study retention and user engagement. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04139005; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04139005

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial

Goldberg¹,

Imhoff-Smith²,

Bolt³

et al. 2020

JMIR Ment Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Also, they have primarily heralded the universality of human suffering with limited attention to unique race-related sequela that contribute to harmful health among people of color [31]. Given this, culturally-relevant adaptations have been largely non-existent, with few exceptions [13,17,33,38]. To date, most modifications to MBIs target treatment concerns (e.g., substance abuse) rather than cultural values and sociocultural realities of diverse communities [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given this, culturally-relevant adaptations have been largely non-existent, with few exceptions [13,17,33,38]. To date, most modifications to MBIs target treatment concerns (e.g., substance abuse) rather than cultural values and sociocultural realities of diverse communities [13]. This is concerning given that qualitative findings elucidated barriers to engaging in non-adapted MBIs for African Americans, such as beliefs that these practices were incongruent with cultural coping (e.g., prayer) and led to stigma and caretaking conflicts [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for a culturally-responsive mindfulness-based intervention for African Americans

Watson‐Singleton

Black²,

Spivey

2019

Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice

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Background and Purpose: African Americans are at increased risk for stress-related disparities. Mindfulness-based interventions are effective in reducing adverse outcomes; yet, racial/ethnic minorities are underrepresented in these interventions. Also, the development of culturally-responsive interventions has been mostly non-existent. Materials and Methods: Focus group and interview data were acquired following a four-week mindfulness intervention with African American women. Results: Using Brigg's (2011) mental health utilization model to guide analysis, several recommended culturally-responsive modifications emerged. Recommended modifications internal to the intervention included using African American facilitators, incorporating cultural values, using culturally-familiar terminology, and providing cultural resources. Suggested modifications to the intervention's external factors included offering the intervention within culturally-familiar settings. Individual-level factors to address were religious concerns, perceived benefits, and holistic health goals. Conclusions: Themes were used to propose a model toward the creation of a culturallyresponsive mindfulness-based interventions to guide culturally-relevant treatment modifications and improve underserved communities' engagement in these interventions.

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“…It is also likely that behavior analysts have little training in implementing ACTr-related interventions with diverse groups. For example, researchers have conducted mindfulness-based interventions in the broader White community (DeLuca, Kelman, & Waelde, 2018), but a recent call has been made for their adaptation to working with ethnic and racial minorities (Proulx et al, 2018).…”

Section: Part Iv: Call For Collaboration Around Racismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Behavior Analysis Help Us Understand and Reduce Racism? A review of the Current Literature

Matsuda

García

Catagnus

et al. 2020

Behav Analysis Practice

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Despite ongoing efforts to eradicate racism, it persists globally, negatively affecting education, mental health, community relations, and economic development. Every behavior analyst can, and should, contribute to the reduction of racism in some way. Unfortunately, little behavior-analytic research exists to guide us. This article proposes ways that members of our scientific community can learn about racism from a behavioral perspective, extend experimental analyses of prejudice, and intervene to reduce racism in varied settings. It describes both traditional behavior-analytic and functionalcontextualist accounts of racism and summarizes the small amount of related empirical and applied research. The review suggests that combining traditional behavior-analytic methods with acceptance and commitment training techniques may attenuate racism more effectively. The article ends with a call to collaborate around this globally important issue-and to do more to reduce racism.

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A Systematic Review of Ethnoracial Representation and Cultural Adaptation of Mindfulness- and Meditation-Based Interventions

Cited by 72 publications

References 78 publications

Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial

Testing the Efficacy of a Multicomponent, Self-Guided, Smartphone-Based Meditation App: Three-Armed Randomized Controlled Trial

Recommendations for a culturally-responsive mindfulness-based intervention for African Americans

Can Behavior Analysis Help Us Understand and Reduce Racism? A review of the Current Literature

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