A systematic review of comorbidity between cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Craig, Francesco; Savino, Rosa; Trabacca, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.10.005

Cited by 46 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Clinical and preclinical evidence show that perinatal activation of the innate immune system involving an altered profile of released cytokines correlates with the level of severity of neurological sequelae in the progeny, such as cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) 23–26 . All these perinatal neurobehavioural morbidities affect collectively 1 out of 6 children 27 . They are characterized by a skewed sex ratio toward males, ranging from 1.4:1 to 3:1 28–31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific maternofetal innate immune responses triggered by group B Streptococci

Allard

Giraud

Segura

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is one of the most common bacteria isolated in human chorioamnionitis, which is a major risk factor for premature birth and brain injuries. Males are at greater risk than females for developing lifelong neurobehavioural disorders, although the origins of this sex bias remain poorly understood. We previously showed that end-gestational inflammation triggered by GBS led to early neurodevelopmental impairments mainly in the male rat progeny. Identifying key inflammatory players involved in maternofetal immune activation by specific pathogens is critical to develop appropriate novel therapeutic interventions. We aimed to map out the GBS-induced profile of innate immune biomarkers in the maternal-placental-fetal axis, and to compare this immune profile between male and female tissues. We describe here that the GBS-induced immune signalling involved significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1/CXCL1) and polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) infiltration in male compared to female maternofetal tissues. Although male – but not female – fetuses presented increased levels of IL-1β, fetuses from both sexes in-utero exposed to GBS had increased levels of TNF-α in their circulation. Levels of IL-1β detected in fetal sera correlated positively with the levels found in maternal circulation. Here, we report for the first time that the maternofetal innate immune signalling induced by GBS presents a sexually dichotomous profile, with more prominent inflammation in males than females. These sex-specific placental and fetal pro-inflammatory responses are in keeping with the higher susceptibility of the male population for preterm birth, brain injuries and neurodevelopmental disorders such as cerebral palsy and autism spectrum disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific maternofetal innate immune responses triggered by group B Streptococci

Allard

Giraud

Segura

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Parents may also benefit from early support with less stress and more knowledge about how to take care of their child. From a community perspective, it is important to recognise the common combination of CP and neuropsychiatric impairments to provide better services [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, there has previously not been any population-based study that has actively assessed children with CP focusing on ASD and ADHD. The need for screening for ASD and ADHD with adequate tools is also emphasised by Craig et al [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with cerebral palsy: results from screening in a population-based group

Påhlman

Gillberg

Wentz

et al. 2020

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are more common in children with cerebral palsy (CP) than in the general population, but may still be underdiagnosed. This study aimed to estimate screen-positive ASD and ADHD in a population-based group of 264 school-aged children with CP born 1999–2006 from the CP register of western Sweden. Validated parent-completed questionnaires were used at a median age of 12 years 11 months (range 8–17 years). Three different scales were used to detect signs of ASD and ADHD, respectively. Response rate was 88% (232/264). In 19 children, all in the most disabled group, the screening procedure was not feasible due to too few questionnaire items completed, leaving 213 for analyses. One third (74/213) of the children screened positive for ASD and half of the children (106/213) for ADHD, which was about twice as often as ASD/ADHD diagnoses had been clinically identified. Children with intellectual disability, epilepsy and/or impaired speech ability more often screened positive for ASD as well as ADHD. Severe motor impairment was more frequently associated with screen-positive ASD, but not ADHD. Neither sex nor CP type was associated with screen-positive ASD/ADHD. In conclusion, school-aged children with CP very often screened positive for ASD and/or ADHD. The prevalence of ASD and ADHD is most likely underestimated in children with CP. These screening findings require further investigations.

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“…The results of the FFT process produce domain frequency waveform in discrete form. In FFT, the speech spectrum waves are computed using equation (8).…”

Section: ) Fast Fourier Transform (Fft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The understanding is important and must be understood by the surrounding environment in order to establish his/her independence and to determine the treatment interventions that will be carried out on her/him. The success of the treatment depends on the level of cognition of CP and there is a strongly associated between cognitive impairments and speech disorders in CP [8]. In addition, continuous stimulation will stimulate brain deep of the children with CP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Voice Biometric System: The Identification of the Severity of Cerebral Palsy using Mel-Frequencies Stochastics Approach

Nafisah

Effendy

2019

IJIE

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Cerebral Palsy (CP) is known as one type of disabilities that affects children. CP is an 'umbrella' for all chronic neurologic disorders which was manifested in movement control disorders. They arise early in life, commonly initiated with non-progressive diseases [1]. This neurological condition causes problems in body movement and muscle control that can inhibit the development of children's speech. The inhibition of speech development in CP is caused by the stiffness of the muscles around the mouth and face. It causes the children with CP having difficulty coordinating their speech organs. In CP, there is a disorder occurs that causes the muscles to move on their own without realizing it. This disorder is called dystonia. Regarding the development of speech on CP where the development is affected by the stiffness of the muscles around the mouth, then dystonia can be an indication of the severity level of CP. Based on dystonia that occurs on CP, CP can be classified into 4 severity levels: Slight, Mild, Moderate, and Severe. In Slight level, dystonia occurs less than 10% of the time and doesn't interfere with speech. Whereas in mild level of severity, dystonia occurs less than 50% and doesn't interfere with the speech. In moderate level, speech impairments caused by dystonia in CP begin to suffer where the dystonia is more than 50% of the time. Even at severe level, children with CP are difficult to move his/her mouth [2],[3]. Dystonia that occurs in CP causes CP speech has unique characteristics like "slurred," "choppy," or "mumbled" that may be difficult to understand. CP speech is also at a slow rate and the rapid rate in mumbling quality. Voice quality changes in CP, such as hoarse and breathy voice or speech that sounds "nasal" or "stuffy", are caused by limited tongue,

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A systematic review of comorbidity between cerebral palsy, autism spectrum disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 46 publications

References 70 publications

Sex-specific maternofetal innate immune responses triggered by group B Streptococci

Sex-specific maternofetal innate immune responses triggered by group B Streptococci

Autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children with cerebral palsy: results from screening in a population-based group

Voice Biometric System: The Identification of the Severity of Cerebral Palsy using Mel-Frequencies Stochastics Approach

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