2021
DOI: 10.3390/su13094639
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A Systematic Review of AR and VR Enhanced Language Learning

Abstract: This paper provided a systematic review of previous Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) studies on language learning. A total of 88 articles were selected and analyzed from five perspectives: their ways of integrating AR or VR tools in language learning; main users of AR and VR technologies; major research findings; why AR and VR tools are effective in promoting language learning; and the implications. It was found that (1) immersing learners into virtual worlds is the main approach to language lea… Show more

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Cited by 88 publications
(43 citation statements)
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References 98 publications
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“…Augmented and VR technologies are often integrated into games. This method provides a less stressful environment for students to learn and thus reduces learning anxiety [4,5]. In his study, Abad-Segura et al [6] highlighted the need to integrate digital technologies, including virtual and augmented reality, into education and research.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Augmented and VR technologies are often integrated into games. This method provides a less stressful environment for students to learn and thus reduces learning anxiety [4,5]. In his study, Abad-Segura et al [6] highlighted the need to integrate digital technologies, including virtual and augmented reality, into education and research.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Emerging areas in D-learning are AI-based education systems, AI tutors, AI chatbots, smart AI classrooms, personalized and adaptive learning environments, technologies to support learners with cognitive disabilities, online distance learning, mobile game-baseDlearning and gamification, augmented reality (AR)-, virtual reality (VR)-, and extended reality (XR)-baseD-learning, anD-learning by design [116][117][118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127]. Advances in these technologies offer potential for learning complex topics at the school/university level by enabling simulations of rare geographical, ecological, and other complex events.…”
Section: Sdg 4: Quality Educationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nowadays, scholars and educators are motivated to explore the potential of virtual reality (VR), a learning aid of the 21st century [1], as a learning environment for various disciplines of education with its swelling popularity. Chang et al [2] (p. 917) define VR as "a virtual world in a three-dimensional space that can provide users with visual simulations, and simulations of the other senses such as touch, smell, sound, and taste"; thus, learners can experience their own learning without the limitations of time and space [2,3]. Parmaxi [4] (p. 1) points out that the integration of VR into the instructions "provides researchers with endless opportunities in terms of access to experiences that would be otherwise inaccessible".…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%