A systematic review of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella data obtained from Tanzanian healthcare settings (2004-2014)

Mwanyika, Gaspary O.; Subbiah, Murugan; Buza, Joram; Rugumisa, Bernadether T.; Call, Douglas R.

doi:10.5897/ajmr2016.8282

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Common Enterobacteriaceae pathogens isolated in hospital settings such as E. coli , Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp and Proteus spp showed high rates of AMR to ampicillin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid, tetracycline, co-trimoxazole and nalidixic acid. The finding agrees with data obtained in Tanzania (resistance to co-trimoxazole (77.7%) and ampicillin (81.6%) [85] and East Africa (50–100% resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole) [4].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Antimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely acknowledged as a global health problem, yet in many parts of the world its magnitude is not well elucidated. A baseline assessment of the AMR prevalence is a priority for implementation of laboratory-based AMR surveillance This review, focused on a One health approach, aimed at describing the current status of AMR in Cameroon. Methods PubMed, Google Scholar and African Journals Online databases were searched for articles published in English and French in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Retrieval and screening of article was done using a structured search string with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. Free-text and grey literature were obtained by contacting the authors directly. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each pathogen–antibiotic pairs using random-effects models. Result Amongst 97 full-text articles reviewed, 66 met the eligibility criteria. The studies originated from the Centre (24; 36.4%), South-West (16; 24.2%), West (13; 19.7%), Littoral (9; 13.6%) and other (4; 6.1%) regions of Cameroon. These studies reported AMR in human (45; 68.2%), animals (9; 13.6%) and the environment (12; 18.2%). Overall, 19 species of bacteria were tested against 48 antibiotics. These organisms were resistant to all classes of antibiotics and showed high levels of multidrug resistance. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus spp were reported in 23, 19 and 18 of the human studies and revealed multidrug resistance (MDR) rates of 47.1% [95% CI (37.3–57.2%)], 51.0% [95% CI (42.0–59.9)] and 45.2% [95% CI (38.0–54.7)], respectively. Salmonella spp was reported in 6 of the animal studies and showed a MDR rate of 46.2% [95% CI (39.2–53.5%)] while Staphylococcus spp in 8 of environment studies showed MDR rate of 67.1% [95% CI (55.2–77.2%)]. Conclusion This review shows that resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics in Cameroon is high. The findings emphasize the urgent need to address gaps in the standardization of AMR diagnostics, reporting and use of available information to optimize treatment guidelines for the arsenal of antibiotics. Effective AMR surveillance through continued data sharing, large-scale collaboration, and coordination of all stakeholders is essential to understand and manage the AMR national burden.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Antimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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“…They observed an increase in ABR and limited reliable data detailing the degree of resistance. The authors recommended that antibiotic stewardship and infection control measures are vital and should be applied using an established and standardised surveillance system [36] . Antibiotic stewardship programmes are important measures that ensure judicious use and prescribing practices for antibiotics in healthcare sectors, thereby reducing the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant infections and colonisation [12] , [37] .…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance and Surveillance In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbapenem resistance in <i>Enterobacterales</i> from agricultural, environmental and clinical origins: South Africa in a global context

Ramkisson,

Rip

2023

AIMSMICRO

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<abstract> <p>Carbapenem agents are regarded as last-resort antibiotics, however, bacterial resistance towards carbapenems has been reported in both clinical and agricultural settings worldwide. Carbapenem resistance, defined as the resistance of a bacteria towards one or more carbapenem drugs, can be mediated in either of, or a combination of, three mechanisms–although, the mechanism mediated through the production of carbapenemases (β-lactamases that are able to enzymatically degrade carbapenems) is of most significance. Of particular concern is the occurrence of carbapenemase producing <italic>Enterobacterales</italic> (CPE), with literature describing a dramatic increase in resistance globally. In South Africa, increases of carbapenemase activity occurring in <italic>Enterobacter</italic> species, <italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</italic>, <italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> and <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> have recently been reported. CPE can also be found in agricultural environments, as global studies have documented numerous instances of CPE presence in various animals such as pigs, cattle, seafood, horses and dogs. However, most reports of CPE occurrence in agricultural settings come from Northern America, Europe and some parts of Asia, where more extensive research has been conducted to understand the CPE phenomenon. In comparison to clinical data, there are limited studies investigating the spread of CPE in agricultural settings in Africa, highlighting the importance of monitoring CPE in livestock environments and the food chain. Further research is necessary to uncover the true extent of CPE dissemination in South Africa. This review will discuss the phenomenon of bacterial antibiotic resistance (ABR), the applications of the carbapenem drug and the occurrence of carbapenem resistance globally.</p> </abstract>

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“…The emergence of resistance among bacteria has worsened the therapeutic clinical outcome of bacterial infections 4 . Antimicrobial resistance in E. coli can be mediated by the production of extendedspectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) that confer resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics leading to the emergence of multidrug-resistance (MDR) 5,6 . Recently, essential oils (EOs) have been proven to serve as antimicrobials 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy of Herbal Oil Extracts/Antibiotic Combinations in Drug- Resistant Uropathogenic E. coli

Hassan¹,

Elnagdy²,

Taleb³

et al. 2020

J Pure Appl Microbiol

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infection worldwide and Escherichia coli (E.coli) is the chief causing pathogen. Antimicrobial resistance results into therapeutic failure. This study aimed to incrimination of E. coli as uropathogen harbouring cnf1 gene (necrotoxin virulence)and to detect the in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of several selected essential oil/antibiotic combinations against the isolated uropathogenic E. coli. Well diffusion method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to essential oils (EOs) individually. Broth micro-dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to antibiotics and in combinations, to figure out the interactive efficacy of tested combinations. Necrotoxin cnf1 gene was detected by PCR assay. E.coli was detected at a rate of 40.6% of the isolated urinary pathogens and 47.8% showed ESBL production. In-vitro synergistic efficacy was only observed for cinnamon oil/gentamycin combination in 100% of selected 15 tested isolates (P-value <0.001). The cnf1 virulence gene was detected in 40% of tested isolates showing no significant correlation the conferred pattern of resistance among the E. coli isolates. Cinnamon/gentamycin combination against drug-resistant E-coli is promising and can pave the way for further clinical trials to formulate pharmacological combinations.

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A systematic review of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella data obtained from Tanzanian healthcare settings (2004-2014)

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Antimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Antimicrobial resistance from a one health perspective in Cameroon: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Carbapenem resistance in <i>Enterobacterales</i> from agricultural, environmental and clinical origins: South Africa in a global context

Synergy of Herbal Oil Extracts/Antibiotic Combinations in Drug- Resistant Uropathogenic E. coli

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