A Systematic Review Assessing the Impact of Vitamin D Levels on Adult Patients with Lymphoid Malignancies

Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with various conditions, including the risk of developing lymphoid malignancies. This systematic review aimed to assess the association between vitamin D levels at diagnosis of lymphoid malignancies, patient outcomes, and survival. A systematic review was conducted, encompassing 15 studies published until January 2023, involving 4503 patients, examining the relationship between vitamin D and lymphoid cancers. The median age of the patients was 56.5 years, with a median follow-up duration of approximately 36 months across studies. The overall median vitamin D level at initial measurement was 20.4 ng/mL, while a <20 ng/mL threshold was used to define vitamin D insufficiency. The results demonstrated significant associations between vitamin D levels and patient outcomes in several lymphoid malignancies, with a pooled risk in disease progression of 1.93 and a pooled hazard ratio of 2.06 for overall survival in patients with 25-(OH)D levels below the normal threshold of 20 ng/mL. Among findings, it was demonstrated that supplemental vitamin D improves the chemosensitivity of tumors by reducing the rate of tumor growth compared with vitamin D or chemotherapy alone. Vitamin D had a protective effect for patients with DLBCL under R-CHOP treatment, while vitamin D insufficiency was associated with the impairment of rituximab treatment and showed worse clinical outcomes in chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) recipients. Although one study found no association between vitamin D deficiency and the cause of death, most associated vitamin D insufficiency with early clinical failure and lower survival probability. In conclusion, his systematic review highlights the importance of vitamin D levels in the prognosis and survival of patients with lymphoid malignancies. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and explore the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in managing these cancers.

The impact of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D receptor variation on leukemia-lymphoma outcome: Molecular and cytogenetic study

“…Some research suggests that vitamin D supplements can improve the efficiency of therapy, particularly chemosensitivity and drug response. However, some investigations, such as that by Kelly et al, found no significant correlation between deficiency of VD and the reasons for mortality, or survival outcomes ( Potre et al, 2023 ). There are controversial points in the literature regarding the role of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor gene variation in terms of any associated increased risk of developing cancer.…”

“…VD is a prohormone substance necessary for various different biological functions in the body such as calcium homeostasis, immunological regulation, and cell proliferation ( Potre et al, 2023 ). It also plays a role in reducing lymphocyte and other human-derived malignancy cell proliferations and differentiations.…”

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“…Vitamin D, an essential fat-soluble vitamin, plays a pivotal role in maintaining various aspects of health, including calcium balance, bone health, and immune system modulation. There is growing interest in exploring its potential benefits in managing UFs due to the presence of vitamin D receptors in uterine tissue and associations between vitamin D deficiency and gynecological conditions like UFs [ 68 ]. Vitamin D supplementation, available in oral or injectable forms, is commonly recommended to address deficiencies and promote overall well-being.…”

Evidence-Based Approach for Secondary Prevention of Uterine Fibroids (The ESCAPE Approach)

“…Vitamin D is an essential fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in various aspects of health, including maintaining calcium balance, supporting bone health, and modulating the immune system [44,45]. The presence of VDR in uterine tissue and the observed associations between vitamin D deficiency and various gynecological conditions, including UFs, have sparked interest in investigating the potential benefits of vitamin D in the management of UFs [46][47][48][49].…”