A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies examining the relationship between mobility and cognition in healthy older adults

Demnitz, Naiara; Esser, Patrick; Dawes, Helen; Valkanova, Vyara; Johansen‐Berg, Heidi; Ebmeier, Klaus P.; Sexton, Claire E.

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.08.028

Cited by 141 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Our recent meta-analysis further substantiated these findings by revealing small, yet significant, pooled effects sizes for the association between gait and executive function, processing speed and memory (Demnitz et al, 2016). Overall, our results are broadly consistent with the literature, with walking time found to be associated with executive function and processing speed in our sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Associations between Mobility, Cognition, and Brain Structure in Healthy Older Adults

Demnitz

Zsoldos

Mahmood

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Mobility limitations lead to a cascade of adverse events in old age, yet the neural and cognitive correlates of mobility performance in older adults remain poorly understood. In a sample of 387 adults (mean age 69.0 ± 5.1 years), we tested the relationship between mobility measures, cognitive assessments, and MRI markers of brain structure. Mobility was assessed in 2007–2009, using gait, balance and chair-stands tests. In 2012–2015, cognitive testing assessed executive function, memory and processing-speed; gray matter volumes (GMV) were examined using voxel-based morphometry, and white matter microstructure was assessed using tract-based spatial statistics of fractional anisotropy, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD). All mobility measures were positively associated with processing-speed. Faster walking speed was also correlated with higher executive function, while memory was not associated with any mobility measure. Increased GMV within the cerebellum, basal ganglia, post-central gyrus, and superior parietal lobe was associated with better mobility. In addition, better performance on the chair-stands test was correlated with decreased RD and AD. Overall, our results indicate that, even in non-clinical populations, mobility measures can be sensitive to sub-clinical variance in cognition and brain structures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Compared with gait, the relationship between balance, chair stands and cognition has been understudied, and few studies have concurrently examined multiple mobility outcomes (Demnitz et al, 2016). We aim to address these outstanding questions by analyzing these associations in a single, large, well-characterized sample of older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Mobility, Cognition, and Brain Structure in Healthy Older Adults

Demnitz

Zsoldos

Mahmood

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…While clinically assessed gait speed has been shown to have use in assessing longevity and cognitive function in older adults [51,52], micro gait characteristics offer a more focused examination to differentiate pathology and identifying specific features of disease progression [53]. The latter reference identifies a number of studies which utilised data reduction techniques to define micro gait models.…”

Section: Micro Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearables for independent living in older adults: Gait and falls

Godfrey

2017

Maturitas

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Solutions are needed to satisfy care demands of older adults to live independently. Wearable technology (wearables) are one approach to offer a viable means for ubiquitous, sustainable and scalable monitoring in habitual free-living environments. Gait has been presented as a relevant (bio) marker in ageing and pathological studies, with objective assessment achievable by inertial-based wearables. Commercial wearables have struggled to provide accurate analytics and have been limited by non-clinically oriented gait outcomes. Moreover, some research grade wearables also fail to provide transparent functionality due to limitations in proprietary software. Innovation within this field is often sporadic with large heterogeneity of wearable types and algorithms for gait outcomes leading to a lack of pragmatic use. This review provides a summary of recent wearable gait assessment literature, focusing on the need for an algorithm fusion approach to measurement cumulating in the ability to better detect and classify falls. A brief presentation of wearables in one pathological group is presented, identifying appropriate work for researchers in other cohorts to utilise. Opportunities for how this domain needs to progress are also summarised. Highlights• Wearables can meet older adults' needs for independent living.• Gait assessment is a (bio)marker within ageing and different pathologies.• Measuring gait with wearables has been innovative but fraught with inconsistencies.

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“…Impaired cognitive function can lead to a decreased capacity to process and interpret the information necessary for moving through one's environment (e.g. planning a path, negotiating around obstacles), leading to a subsequent risk of disability from adverse events, such as falls and reduced activity . In order to mitigate mobility impairment, early identification of modifiable risk factors is essential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global cognition predicts the incidence of poor physical performance among older adults: A cross‐national study

Dansereau

Hunter

Gómez

et al. 2020

Geriatrics Gerontology Int

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Aim The relationship between physical performance and cognition is well established. However, findings on the relationship between global cognition and the incidence of functional disability has been inconsistent. Using data from the International Mobility in Aging Study, we investigated the relationship between baseline cognitive function and the incidence of poor physical performance 2 years later. Methods A total of 1071 community‐dwelling participants (aged 64–75 years) from four sites in Canada and Latin America, with a Short Physical Performance Battery score ≥9 at baseline (good performance) were included. We carried out two sets of analyses, measuring cognition with either the Leganés Cognitive Test or the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. We used three logistic regression models, controlling for either no confounders, sociodemographic confounders or sociodemographic and health confounders. The full model was also stratified by site. A score <9 on the Short Physical Performance Battery indicated poor physical performance. Results In the fully adjusted model, each 1‐point increase in the baseline Leganés Cognitive Test score (range 0–32) was associated with a 10% decrease in the odds of incidence of poor physical performance at the 2‐year follow‐up (P = 0.019). Likewise, each 1‐point increase in the baseline Montreal Cognitive Assessment score (range 0–30) was associated with a 16% decrease in the odds of developing poor physical performance (P = 0.005). When stratified by site, the results were significant at the Latin American sites (P = 0.02), but not at the Canadian sites (P = 0.08). Conclusions Poor baseline cognition is associated with the incidence of poor physical performance in community‐dwelling older adults. To prevent physical disability, interventions addressing both cognitive and physical performance are required. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; ••: ••–••.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies examining the relationship between mobility and cognition in healthy older adults

Cited by 141 publications

References 52 publications

Associations between Mobility, Cognition, and Brain Structure in Healthy Older Adults

Associations between Mobility, Cognition, and Brain Structure in Healthy Older Adults

Wearables for independent living in older adults: Gait and falls

Global cognition predicts the incidence of poor physical performance among older adults: A cross‐national study

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