A systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence and subtypes distribution of Blastocystis sp. infection in cattle: A zoonotic concern

Shams, Morteza; Shamsi, Laya; Sadrebazzaz, Alireza; Asghari, Ali; Badali, Roya; Omidian, Mostafa; Hassanipour, Soheil

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2021.101650

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Individual studies had no substantial impact on the total prevalence of Blastocystis infection, as evidenced by the sensitivity analysis results. An obvious gap exists in terms of comprehensive epidemiological studies on Blastocystis infection in animal taxa, and only recently have meta-analyses reported a calculated prevalence rate of 52.4% (95% CI 43.9–60.7%), 31.2% (95% CI 11.2–62%) and 24.4% (95% CI 16.9–33.9%) in domestic pigs, wild boars [ 9 ] and cattle [ 6 ], respectively. Comparison of findings shows that the global frequency of Blastocystis infection is much lower in dogs and cats than in cattle, pigs and wild boars.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…General consensus on the transmission of Blastocystis and is that infection occurs through the fecal–oral route with the ingestion of cyst-contaminated water or food [ 5 ]. Zoonotic transmission may also be possible through close animal-human contact, but the extent and frequency of such events remain largely unknown, requiring more in-depth investigation [ 6 , 7 ]. Symptomatic human infections may manifest as diarrhea, abdominal pain, flatulence, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and cutaneous lesions (urticaria) [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current global status, subtype distribution and zoonotic significance of Blastocystis in dogs and cats: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Blastocystis is a common intestinal protozoa found in animal and human fecal samples, with over 1 billion individuals infected worldwide. Since domestication, dogs and cats have had a close bond with humans. However, their close proximity poses a potential health risk since they may harbor several zoonotic agents. A global estimate of Blastocystis infection and subtype (ST) distribution in dogs and cats would therefore be of great health importance to humans. Methods We performed a comprehensive systematic search of four English-language databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science) for relevant articles up to 8 November 2021. The random-effects model was used to make pooled estimates with confidence intervals (CIs). Results In total, we identified 49 publications that met our inclusion criteria and subsequently analyzed the 65 datasets in these articles, of which 23 and 42 datasets were on cats and dogs, respectively. Among the 2934 cats included in the 23 datasets, which involved 16 countries, the prevalence rate of Blastocystis infection was 9.3% (95% CI 5.3–15.9%). The prevalence of Blastocystis infection was slightly lower [7%, 95% CI 4.7–10.4%) among the 7946 dogs included in the 42 datasets, involving 23 countries. The sensitivity analysis showed that no remarkable variation in the estimates upon the stepwise removal of each dataset. Higher ST diversity was found among the examined dogs (ST1-8, ST10, ST23, ST24) than among cats (ST1-4, ST10, ST14). Among dogs, ST3 was the most frequent ST (41.3%), followed by ST2 (39.3%), ST1 (30.9%), ST4 (13.4%), ST8 (12.7%), ST10 (11%) and ST5 (8.1%). Also among dogs, each of ST6, ST7, ST23 and ST24 was observed in only one study. Of the ST found in the cats examined, ST4 (29.5%), followed by ST10 (22.5%), ST1 (19.8%) and ST3 (17.6%) were the most common. A single study also reported the presence of both ST2 and ST14 in cats. With respect to zoonotic Blastocystis STs (ST1–ST9 and ST12), eight were reported from dogs (ST1-ST8) and four were isolated from cats (ST1–ST4), showing the implication of dog and cats in zoonotic transmission. Conclusions Taken together, our results show that elucidation of the true epidemiology and ST distribution of Blastocystis in dogs and cats demands more comprehensive studies, particularly in the negelected regions of the world. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current global status, subtype distribution and zoonotic significance of Blastocystis in dogs and cats: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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“…Animal-to-human transmission of ST5 has been reported in pigs and their caretakers in China and Australia ( Yan et al., 2007 ; Wang et al., 2014 ). ST10 and ST14 are commonly found in livestock compared to humans ( Shams et al., 2021 ; Hublin et al., 2021 ). ST10 and ST14 have been rarely reported in humans in healthy school children from Senegal, thus highlighting their low zoonotic potential ( Khaled et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non-common STs (ST5, ST10, and ST14) have diverse geographical distributions. ST5 is probably the most frequently circulating STs among pigs, and has a 1.64% global carriage rate in human samples (Asghari et al, 2021;Hublin et al, 2021). In China, ST5 is the dominant subtype infecting artiodactyls (Ning et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification and subtype analysis of Blastocystis in captive Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in China’s Heilongjiang and Fujian provinces

Zhou

Zhao²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Blastocystis sp. is the most isolated enteric protozoan in parasitological surveys of humans. A substantial percentage of human infections is attributed to zoonotic transmissions. However, the contribution of each animal source to human infections with blastocystis is not yet fully understood. This study thus aimed to determine the infection rates and subtype distributions of Blastocystis sp. in captive Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in China’s Heilongjiang and Fujian provinces. A total of 218 fresh fecal specimens were collected from captive Asiatic black bears in Heilongjiang (n = 36) and Fujian (n = 182) between May 2015 and December 2017. Genomic DNA was extracted from each sample and then examined for Blastocystis through SSU rRNA gene amplicon-based sequencing. A phylogenetic tree based on the Blastocystis positive sequences was reconstructed using the Mega X program. Eleven percent (24/218) of the animals had Blastocystis and six Blastocystis subtypes, including ST4 (n = 14), ST10 (n = 3), ST1 (n = 2), ST2 (n = 1), ST5 (n = 1), and ST12 (n = 1) were identified. A total of 14 representative sequences, including seven sequences that have been described previously and seven novel sequences comprising ST10 (n = 2), ST5 (n = 1), and ST4 (n = 4), were obtained from the six subtypes of Blastocystis. This study is the first to report the presence of Blastocystis in captive Asiatic black bears in Fujian, China. It provides baseline data for controlling and preventing Blastocystis infection in farm communities. Zoonotic infections in bears with ST1, ST2, ST4, ST5, ST10, and ST14 should be considered potential public health threats. The novel ST sequences of Blastocystis generated in this study provide novel insights into the genotypic variation within the Blastocystis sp.

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“…Particularly, cattle have been widely studied for the presence of this protozoan around the world [10], but reports in Europe remain scarce with only three epidemiological surveys conducted so far in the UK [11], Denmark [12], and Spain [13]. A recent synthesis highlighted a 24.4% (95% CI: 16.9-33.9) prevalence for Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal, Herd and Feed Characteristics Associated with Blastocystis Prevalence and Molecular Diversity in Dairy Cattle from the North of France

et al. 2022

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Despite the major impact of Blastocystis sp. in terms of prevalence in human and animal populations and the risk of zoonotic transmission, no epidemiological survey has yet been conducted in cattle herds in France. The aim of this study was thus to assess the prevalence and molecular diversity of Blastocystis sp. and associated factors in dairy cattle from the north of France. A total of 1581 fecal samples were collected from 1246 animals reared in 20 farms. Molecular detection of the protozoan was performed by real-time PCR and indicated an overall prevalence of Blastocystis sp. Reaching 54.8% in the study population. Important inter-herd variation (from 22.2% to 76.5%) of Blastocystis sp. Prevalence was also reported. Sequence analysis of 159 positive samples highlighted a very large predominance of ST10 (36/159) and ST14 (64/159), and ST2 was only found in 2 samples. Mixed subtype infections were common, representing 35.8% of sequenced samples (57/159). A putative correlation between Blastocystis sp. colonization and various animal and herd characteristics or feed intake was subsequently investigated. The protozoan was less prevalent in cows that have recently calved but Blastocystis sp. carriage was not significantly related to age. Blastocystis sp. colonization also decreased with high beet pulp and pasture grass consumption and increased with corn silage intake. Finally, the only significant association between Blastocystis sp. STs and animal and herd characteristics was the number of lactations of cows, with a predominance of ST14 in cows that calved once only.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence and subtypes distribution of Blastocystis sp. infection in cattle: A zoonotic concern

Cited by 35 publications

References 59 publications

Current global status, subtype distribution and zoonotic significance of Blastocystis in dogs and cats: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Current global status, subtype distribution and zoonotic significance of Blastocystis in dogs and cats: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Molecular identification and subtype analysis of Blastocystis in captive Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in China’s Heilongjiang and Fujian provinces

Animal, Herd and Feed Characteristics Associated with Blastocystis Prevalence and Molecular Diversity in Dairy Cattle from the North of France

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