A systematic review and meta-analysis of iliocapsularis muscle: an important landmark in orthopedic surgery

Keet, Kerri; Cheruiyot, Isaac; Venter, R; Henry, Brandon Michael; Tomaszewski, Krzysztof A.; Pękala, Przemysław A.

doi:10.1007/s00276-021-02815-5

Cited by 5 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Secondary outcomes included determining any significant differences in the features and size of IC between sides, sex, and age. The presence of IC as a constant anatomical structure (100% prevalence) in this study is consistent with the finding of a recent systematic review and meta-analysis [ 9 ], except for the foetal study (93% prevalence) by Elvan et al [ 6 ]. A connective tissue raphe (100% prevalence) served as a distinct demarcation between the inferior part of the iliacus medially and IC laterally, similar to Ward et al’s [ 23 ] findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The systematic review and meta-analysis [ 9 ] revealed that only three previous adult studies investigated the width [ 1 , 8 , 23 ], while only one measured the length [ 23 ] of IC (Table 3 ). Ward et al [ 23 ] reported the range of the length (120–130 mm) and width (18–25 mm) of IC in fresh cadaveric hips.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the effect of IC detachment on the recovery and rehabilitation of hip function after surgery is currently not known. Iliocapsularis can also be visualised using various clinical imaging modalities, although there may be difficulty in distinguishing it from iliacus [ 9 ]. Magnetic resonance imaging can supplement the diagnosis of patients with borderline hip dysplasia or FAI by assessing the size of IC and comparing it to adjacent structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the few studies published on the iliocapsularis (IC), it has been described as a constant, well-defined muscle that overlies the anterior hip capsule deep to rectus femoris and lateral to the inferior part of the iliacus [ 1 , 6 , 22 , 23 ]. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis [ 9 ] reported only six previous studies describing the anatomical features of IC. The IC originates in part from the inferior border of the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) as well as an elongated attachment along the anteromedial hip capsule and inserts “about 15 mm distal to the lesser trochanter” [ 14 , 22 , 23 ] (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies suggest that IC is innervated by the femoral nerve and receives its arterial blood supply from small branches of the lateral circumflex femoral and deep femoral artery [ 4 , 6 , 23 ]. However, no previous study has described the venous drainage or investigated the muscle fibre type [ 9 ].

Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical features of the iliocapsularis muscle: a dissection study

et al. 2022

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Purpose Iliocapsularis (IC) overlies the anteromedial hip capsule and is an important landmark in anterior approaches to hip arthroplasty. Previously believed to be part of iliacus, few publications describe the prevalence, attachments, fibre direction, blood supply, innervation, and size of IC. This study was aimed to determine these anatomical features using embalmed bodies and whether they vary between sides, sex, and age. Methods Thirty-eight formalin-fixed adult bodies were dissected and the prevalence, presence of a connective tissue raphe, attachments, fibre direction, blood supply, and innervation, were documented. Length and width were measured, and significant differences were investigated with t tests. Results Iliocapsularis was present in all bodies examined, originating from the inferior border of the anterior inferior iliac spine, and inserting 20 mm distal to the lesser trochanter in 54 muscles (71%). Iliocapsularis was supplied by a thin branch from the femoral nerve and by branches of the lateral circumflex femoral and deep femoral arteries and veins. Muscle fibre direction was from superolateral to inferomedial. Mean length was 116.8 ± 11.2 mm and width was 12.8 ± 3.1 mm, with no significant differences between sides, sex, and age. Conclusion This was the first study to document the venous drainage and compare the dimensions with sides, sex, and age, using adult bodies. However, the true function of IC is still unknown. Iliocapsularis is a constant muscle, distinct from iliacus, which is relevant to orthopaedic surgeons and physical rehabilitation specialists, particularly for postoperative patient care. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00276-022-02905-y.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical features of the iliocapsularis muscle: a dissection study

et al. 2022

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Iliocapsularis: An exploration of the muscle and its omission in education

Breckling¹,

Katrikh

Jones

et al. 2022

Journal of Morphology

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Anterior hip joint musculature is classically characterized to include iliacus, psoas major, rectus femoris, and sartorius muscles. A lesser‐known muscle, iliocapsularis muscle (ICm), has made infrequent appearances in the literature for the last ~70 years, but potentially has important functional and clinical value. The purpose of this study is to review the historical prevalence of the ICm in peer‐reviewed literature (PRL), further explore the prevalence of the muscle in current anatomical textbooks (ATBs), characterize the muscle with a new series of dissections, assess the muscle's perceived importance to clinicians and educators, and comment on the possible functional significance of the muscle. The ICm was mentioned in 28 peer‐reviewed articles and the muscle was present in 518 of 521 (99%) dissected hips in 13 publications which assessed prevalence. In an audit of 30 recently published ATBs, three texts mentioned the ICm. In 28 anterior hip dissections performed in the current study, the muscle was present in all hips. Anatomy educators were surveyed to determine if the ICm was presently taught in their curricula, and clinicians of various specialties were surveyed regarding their perceptions of the ICm and its clinical relevance. The ICm inclusivity within anatomical curricula from educators reported 8.5%, while 4% of clinicians reported trainees should have an educational background of the ICm. This study confirms that while the ICm is present within PRL, and is ubiquitous amongst human‐donor dissection, the ICm is not mentioned in most ATBs and is absent in the vast majority of anatomical curricula. Lack of inclusion in curricula may lead to a perceived insignificance to currently practicing clinicians despite the potential functional importance at the hip. This discordance suggests that the ICm should be included in ATBs and anatomical curricula so that future clinicians can consider the ICm when evaluating and treating patients.

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Subspine Impingement

Rath,

Czinn

2024

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of iliocapsularis muscle: an important landmark in orthopedic surgery

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Anatomical features of the iliocapsularis muscle: a dissection study

Anatomical features of the iliocapsularis muscle: a dissection study

Iliocapsularis: An exploration of the muscle and its omission in education

Subspine Impingement

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