A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of the Potential Local Economic Impact of Tourism and Leisure Cycling and The Development of an Evidence-Based Market Segmentation

Weed, Mike; Bull, Chris; Brown, Mathew; Dowse, S.; Lovell, Jane; Mansfield, Louise; Wellard, Ian

doi:10.3727/154427214x13990420684482

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Scenery was the solitary destination preference that seems to be more universally important regardless of travel party composition when travelling further from home. Indeed, travelling longer distances leads to increased expenditure in the destination in total and per day (e.g., Tang & Turco, 2001;Cobb & Olbering, 2010;Weed et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of travel conditions in cycling tourism: implications for destination and event management

Buning

Gibson

2016

Journal of Sport & Tourism

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The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of travel conditions on preferred destination, event, and travel characteristics in the context of Active Sport Event Travel Careers among cyclists who travel to take part in events. Travel conditions are circumstances surrounding a trip such as travel with family or the length of travel. A sampling frame of cyclists who participate in competitive events with travel of 50 miles one-way or an overnight stay was generated from cycling associations. A final sample of N=1452 was collected via online survey.Data analysis consisted of a series of repeated measure ANOVAs and paired sample t-tests. The results indicated an individual's event, destination, and travel style preferences are dependent on whether he or she was traveling with a non-cyclist (e.g., family member) and the distance traveled. Prior research has suggested that for active sport tourists event criteria are more important than destination characteristics and travel preferences remain relatively stagnant with career progression. In contrast, the findings here suggest travel preferences vary based on travel conditions and that attractive destinations only become advantageous if event participants are traveling with non-cyclists or on trips involving longer distances. For instance when nonparticipant travel companions are included, the entertainment, attractions, and activities available in the destination become much more important to active event tourists. Communities seeking to attract sport tourists as a form of sustainable tourism development would be advised to organize events incorporating these preferences and to consider the influence of travel conditions. Keywords: active sport tourism, cycling tourism, active sport event travel career, travel conditions; event and destination management. TRAVEL CONDITIONS 3The Role of Travel Conditions in Cycling Tourism: Implications for Destination and Event ManagementThe number of participatory sport events hosted by communities has grown significantly over the past 10 to 15 years (Physical Activity Council, 2015;Running USA, 2015). In particular, events oriented towards individual endurance sports such as running, cycling, and triathlons have grown in popularity as people seek opportunities to engage in physical activity while socializing amongst a group of likeminded individuals (e.g., Bull, 2006;Lamont, Kennelly & Wilson, 2012;Shipway & Jones, 2008). With the growth in the number of events, competition among communities seeking to host these events has intensified as event and destination managers have realized the tourism benefits associated with the out-of-town active sport tourists attracted to these events (Gibson, Kaplanidou, & Kang, 2012). Kaplanidiou and Gibson (2010) categorized this form of sport tourism as event active sport tourism, which they described as traveling to an event as a sports participant, rather than the a priori conceptualization of event sport tourism as spectator based (Gibson, 1998).In conjunction with the grow...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of travel conditions in cycling tourism: implications for destination and event management

Buning

Gibson

2016

Journal of Sport & Tourism

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“…Using the impacts of the Olympic and Paralympic Games as an example, Weed (2010) details the principles and the practice of counterfactual modeling, which involves empirical research to establish a counterfactual scenario, and analysis of secondary data to build a counterfactual model of the impact of that scenario. For an assessment of the relationship between cycle tourism and sustainable transport in the UK, Weed et al's (2014) meta-analysis can provide the secondary data to build a model of the likely impacts of counterfactual scenarios. However, the counterfactual scenarios themselves are derived from informed assumptions about what the most likely alternative activities might be to different types of recreational cycle tourism trips.…”

Section: The Environmental Credentials Of Cycle Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Cycle Tourism and Sustainable Transport in the UK

Weed¹,

Bull²,

Brown³

et al. 2014

Tourism Review International

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The use of both sustainable transport outcomes and tourism impacts as a mixed justification for investment in cycling infrastructure has led to the two often being seen as synonymous. The environmentally friendly credentials of cycle tourism are predicated on a conceptualization of cycle tourism in which cycling as a form of transport supplants other energy-consuming and -polluting forms of transport within the tourism trip. However, using a recent meta-analysis of UK data, this research note shows that even when the environmental costs of major cycling events are excluded, in absolute terms recreational cycle tourism across its full range of forms in the UK still generates considerable motorized transport use. But, the use of counterfactual models shows that in relative terms, on average across all its forms, recreational cycle tourism in the UK reduces the use of motorized transport to get to and from destinations by 12.2% and reduces motorized transport use at destinations by 7.6%. Consequently, recreational cycle tourism in the UK does have a positive sustainable transport outcome, but this is far smaller than is often visualized.

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“…Bicycle tourism is seen as positive in the context of primarily economic benefits to the local community (Cope et al 2003;Lumsdon 1996;Lumsdon, Downward, and Cope 2004;Mintel 2007;Mintel 2009;Mintel 2013;Ritchie, Tkaczynski, and Faulks 2010;Weed et al 2014;Zovko 2013). …”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ritchie et al (2010) cluster bicycle tourists, and support the application of enduring involvement in bicycle tourism research, to better understand the behaviour of bicycle tourists. Mintel (2009) lists a number of segments, confirming market heterogeneity and the range of available differentiation criteria, while Weed et al (2014) present a classification of cycling market segments that is more sophisticated than previous ones, mostly due to introducing the distance-to-route criteria (the length of the access trip while in the area, and the distance travelled from home to use the route) to meta-analyse the potential impact of cycling tourism.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2009;Lamont 2009;Mrnjavac and Kovačić 2012;Weed et al 2014) and policy makers (for example, European or advocacy organizations (for example, European Cyclists' Federation, http://www.ecf.com/advocary/cycling-tourism/). Methodological and disciplinary differences in research have generated differences in defining and conceptualising bicycle tourism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling bicycle tourists: a case of Croatia

Kovačić¹

2015

Tour. hosp. manag.

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Purpose -The purpose of the primary research is to gather information about the behaviour of bicycle tourism demand. Primarily by studying domestic bicycle tourists, the research results were expected to provide valuable market parameters, comparable with the determinants of previous relevant studies. Design and Methodology -Research was carried out by surveying different segments of bicyclists, recognized in earlier conceptual contributions. Electronic data collection techniques were applied. The online questionnaire was distributed to chosen respondents in the form of the link included in a personal message on a certain social network. A personal approach ensured a high response rate. The nature of research design resulted in a descriptive research, although some of its characteristics could be considered as exploratory. Findings -This paper is the first attempt to study the Croatian segment of the bicycle tourism demand. As far as the attributes common to both national and international research are concerned, it is possible to argue the similarities and differences of demand profiles. Value -Until there is a uniform approach to monitoring the phenomenon at the European level, the profiling of demand in bicycle tourism makes it possible to compare the specific findings with current trends. This research applies a somewhat different perspective than the existing ones -enabling more insight into the cycling-related behaviour in the home area and on vacation. As part of the international demand for bicycle tourism, knowledge about the behaviour of one particular national market contributes to the general state of the research.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of the Potential Local Economic Impact of Tourism and Leisure Cycling and The Development of an Evidence-Based Market Segmentation

Cited by 28 publications

References 42 publications

The role of travel conditions in cycling tourism: implications for destination and event management

The role of travel conditions in cycling tourism: implications for destination and event management

The Relationship Between Cycle Tourism and Sustainable Transport in the UK

Profiling bicycle tourists: a case of Croatia

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