A Systematic Mapping Study on the Risk Factors Leading to Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases that has had devastating effects on the general population. It is also among the most popular research trends in modern medicine. Thus, due to the complexity and desirability of this particular affliction, there is a lot of demand towards understanding this disease better, so that it can pave the way towards better solutions in combating diabetes. The aim of this review is to provide a categorization of the risk factors leading to Type II Diabetes. In order to provide a justification for the type of diabetes, an explanation is provided which covers the other types of diabetes and their relative infliction rate. Once the basics understanding of diabetes established, the various aspects that increase the risk of Type II Diabetes (T2D) can be classified. Several different facets are studied in order to come up with a novel classification of the disease. The classification divides the risk factors into sociodemographic and pathophysiological attributes. The major affecting attribute is identified to be genetics, as it is intertwined with other attributes. With the use of bioinformatics, advanced gene sequencing techniques can be applied that would enable the identification of patterns more closely affecting Type II Diabetes. These patterns can be cross-analyzed with pre-existing conditions in order to identify similarities and possible risk factors from other diseases. Ultimately, this classification provides a deeper understanding of the factors affecting Type II Diabetes.

The single nucleotide polymorphisms rs11761556 and rs12706832 of the leptin gene are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Iraqi population

“…Its variation may lead to several long-term outcomes in cellular metabolism and activity [11,12]. Defects or dysfunction in leptin signaling may contribute to the etiology of diabetes and raise the possibility that either leptin or downstream targets of leptin may expose the body to a variety of deleterious consequences [13][14][15]. Advances in genomic technology have initiated a myriad of novel genetic discoveries including many LEP-based common variants contributing to the risk of complex etiology of T2DM.…”