A systematic literature review on port LNG bunkering station

Peng, Yun; Zhao, Xinzhe; Zuo, Tianli; Wang, Wenyuan; Song, Xueguan

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2021.102704

Cited by 34 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…MARPOL Annex VI was implemented as an environmental regulation in 2005. With effect from January 2020, the IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee has reduced the accpetable sulfur content in ship fuel to 0.5% m/m [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three kinds of measures for international shipping companies: the use of LSFO, scrubber installation, and the use of LNG. In comparison to diesel, LNG can reduce sulfur emissions by 99-100%, nitrogen oxides by 80-95%, and particulate matter by 90-99% as well as limiting carbon dioxide emissions to less than 20% [6,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. For the other two options, LSFO's production capacity is insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the other two options, LSFO's production capacity is insufficient. With LSFO there is still the need for treatment of nitrate oxides and greenhouse gases, and it is 30% more expensive than heavy fuel oil [5,6]. Whereas, scrubbers are expensive to install and difficult to apply to small vessels [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With LSFO there is still the need for treatment of nitrate oxides and greenhouse gases, and it is 30% more expensive than heavy fuel oil [5,6]. Whereas, scrubbers are expensive to install and difficult to apply to small vessels [6]. Comparatively, therefore, LNG is the most beneficial [6,8,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas, scrubbers are expensive to install and difficult to apply to small vessels [6]. Comparatively, therefore, LNG is the most beneficial [6,8,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demand Forecasting for Liquified Natural Gas Bunkering by Country and Region Using Meta-Analysis and Artificial Intelligence

Chae

Lee

2021

Sustainability

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Ship exhaust emission is the main cause of coastal air pollution, leading to premature death from cardiovascular cancer and lung cancer. In light of public health and climate change concerns, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and several governments are reinforcing policies to use clean ship fuels. In January 2020, the IMO reduced the acceptable sulfur content in ship fuel to 0.5% m/m (mass/mass) for sustainability. The use of liquified natural gas (LNG) as a ship fuel is currently the most likely measure to meet this regulation, and LNG bunkering infrastructure investment and network planning are underway worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this study is to predict the LNG bunkering demand for investment and planning. So far, however, there has been little quantitative analysis of LNG bunkering demand prediction. In this study, first, the global LNG bunkering demand was predicted using meta-regression analysis. Global demand for LNG bunkering is forecast to increase from 16.6 million tons in 2025 to 53.2 million tons in 2040. Second, LNG bunkering prediction by country and region was performed through analogy and artificial intelligence methods. The information and insights gained from this study may facilitate policy implementation and investments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas, scrubbers are expensive to install and difficult to apply to small vessels [6]. Comparatively, therefore, LNG is the most beneficial [6,8,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demand Forecasting for Liquified Natural Gas Bunkering by Country and Region Using Meta-Analysis and Artificial Intelligence

Chae

Lee

2021

Sustainability

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Decarbonizing British Columbia's (BC's) marine sector by using low carbon intensive (CI) biofuels

Mandegari

Ebadian

Dyk

et al. 2023

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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The long-distance transport sector will not be easily electrified. Aviation will primarily use sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) to meet its decarbonization targets. Although marine will also be hard to decarbonize this sector has several lower carbon-intensive (CI) fuel options such as electric-hybrids, liquefied natural gas (LNG), 'green' methanol, ammonia, hydrogen, and biobased fuels. The advantages of using these latter fuels are their ready integration into much of the existing infrastructure, their availability, their use in today's marine engines, substantial carbon emission reductions, and established supply chains. However, there will be increasing competition for the oleochemical/lipid feedstocks from the trucking and aviation sector, while the cost, availability, and overall sustainability of these biofuels are problematic. In the longer term, it is hoped that biomass-derived biocrudes produced via thermochemical processes such as pyrolysis, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and gasification will supplement the lipid feedstocks and be more sustainable, cheaper, and plentiful. The robustness of marine engines is also conducive to the direct use of straight vegetable oils (SVO) and biocrudes. However, 'enabling' policies such as the British Columbia low carbon fuels standard will be required to bridge the initial price gap between fossil and low-CI fuels while the international nature of most marine traffic will require agreement on how the life cycle analysis (LCA) is determined.

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Predicting Human Reliability for Shore-based LNG Bunkering Operation Process on Tanker Ships Using SLIM and Improved Z-numbers

Tekeli,

Arici,

Sezer

et al. 2024

J. Marine. Sci. Appl.

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A systematic literature review on port LNG bunkering station

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Demand Forecasting for Liquified Natural Gas Bunkering by Country and Region Using Meta-Analysis and Artificial Intelligence

Demand Forecasting for Liquified Natural Gas Bunkering by Country and Region Using Meta-Analysis and Artificial Intelligence

Decarbonizing British Columbia's (BC's) marine sector by using low carbon intensive (CI) biofuels

Predicting Human Reliability for Shore-based LNG Bunkering Operation Process on Tanker Ships Using SLIM and Improved Z-numbers

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