A System Regulating Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in the Duodenum of the Chick Embryo and Mouse

Moog, Florence; Grey, Robert D.

doi:10.1159/000239973

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…?ll,i,?ti,ll';,sTrlr:i1,::ll'if?ii",lJJi,iLligai'' egg production' and Avg for 4-u,eek The reduction of egg production and feed efficiency observed when layers were housed at five per cage in experiment 2 (Table 6) was similar to the results reported by Ostrander and Young (1969 The increase in mucosal maltase and sucrase activities observed when the population density was increased on the low energy regime in experiment 1, and in experiment 2, was accompanied by increases in plasma and adrenal corticosterone levels. Deren et al (1967 ) found that hydrocortisone injections slightly increased the mucosl sucrase activity of the adult rat, and this hormone was found to activate rat microvillus enzymes such as alkaline phosphates (Moog and Grey 1966 Newcomer (1962) and the level of adrenal corticosterone reported by DeRoos and DeRoos (1963) for normal chickens, were similar to the values observed for the singly caged hens in the present experiments. The elevated levels of plasma and adrenal corticosterone in the stressed groups could be the result of an increase in production of corticosterone by the adrenal cortex, or a decrease in degradation of corticosterone caused by an alteration in the levels of those enzymes responsible for the metabolism and excretion of corticosterone, or both.…”

Section: Experiments I Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of Population Density on Energy Utilization, Intestinal Disaccharidases, and Adrenal Function in Hens

Lei¹,

Stefanovic²,

Slinger³

1972

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Section: Experiments I Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of Population Density on Energy Utilization, Intestinal Disaccharidases, and Adrenal Function in Hens

Lei¹,

Stefanovic²,

Slinger³

1972

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…However, the rise in phosphatase activity was thought to be due to a change in the conformation of a preexisting enzyme since there was no increase in the quantity of enzyme protein as measured by immunoprecipitation. A similar mechanism has been postulated by Moog and Grey (29,30) to explain the progressive increase in duodenal alkaline phosphatase activity in the chick and mouse during their early development.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

Induction of rat liver alkaline phosphatase: the mechanism of the serum elevation in bile duct obstruction

Kaplan¹,

Righetti²

1970

J. Clin. Invest.

225

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Bile duct ligation in the rat leads to a rapid increase in hepatic and serum alkaline phosphatase activity. Within 12 hr after bile duct ligation, hepatic alkaline phosphatase has increased 7-fold and serum alkaline phosphatase activity 2k-fold. The elevation in the serum activity is completely due to an' increase in an isozyme that appears to originate in the liver. This serum isozyme and liver phosphatase, both partially purified by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, have identical Michaelis constants, pH optima, and rates of heat denaturation. These isozymes migrate identically when subjected to electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, and their migration rates are equally slowed after neuraminidase digestion. The data suggest that the rise in hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity is dependent on de novo protein synthesis. Cycloheximide, in a dose that inhibited incorporation of leucine-14C into protein by 68%, inhibited the rise in liver phosphatase by 98% and that in serum by 80%. The rise in liver phosphatase activity could not be accounted for by simple retention of alkaline phosphatase that would normally appear in bile. The rise in liver activity after bile duct ligation was 240 times greater than the amount of phosphatase that normally appears in bile over a similar period of time. Cycloheximide had no effect on the bile duct ligation-induced changes in the serum and liver glutamic pyruvic transaminase.An abstract has been published in 1969 J. Clin. Invest. 48: 42a, and a preliminary report has appeared in

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“…We had previously developed quantitative phenotypic (stage‐specific embryonic antigen‐1 [SSEA‐1] [35,, 36]) and functional (alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity [37–, 39] and the capacity of ES cells to form complex cell aggregates called embryoid bodies (EBs) [40–, 43]) assays to identify ES cells and their immediately differentiated progeny [11]. These assays, along with measurements of E‐cadherin (a cell adhesion molecule important in early development [44,, 45]) and Oct‐4 (a transcription factor critical for maintenance of ES cell pluripotentiality [46,, 47]) expression described herein, provide the quantitative tools necessary to conduct mechanistic investigations of factors that govern early ES cell fate decisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ligand/Receptor Signaling Threshold (LIST) Model Accounts for gp130‐Mediated Embryonic Stem Cell Self‐Renewal Responses to LIF and HIL‐6

et al. 2002

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We previously demonstrated that embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal required sustained signaling by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in a concentrationdependent manner, allowing us to hypothesize that thresholds in ligand-receptor signaling modulate stem cell differentiation control. To test this hypothesis, we have experimentally and computationally compared the abilities of two gp130-signaling cytokines (LIF and Hyper-interleukin-6 [HIL-6]) to sustain ES cell selfrenewal. Quantitative measurements of ES cell phenotypic markers (stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 and E-cadherin), functional assays (alkaline phosphatase activity and embryoid body formation efficiency), and transcription factor (Oct-4) expression over a range of LIF and HIL-6 concentrations demonstrated a superior ability of LIF to maintain ES cell pluripotentiality at higher concentrations (≥500 pM). Additionally, we observed distinct qualitative differences in the ES cell self-renewal dose response profiles between the two cytokines. A computational model permitted calculation of the number of signaling complexes as a function of receptor expression, ligand concentration, and ligand/receptor-binding properties, generating predictions for the degree of self-renewal as a function of cytokine concentration by comparison of these calculated complex numbers to experimentally determined threshold cytokine concentrations. Model predictions, consistent with experimental data, indicated that differences in the potencies of these two cytokines were based primarily on differences in receptor-binding stoichiometries and properties. These results support a ligand/receptor signaling threshold model of ES cell fate modulation through appropriate types and levels of cytokine stimulation. Insights from these results may be more generally applicable to tissue-specific stem cells and could aid in the development of stem cell-based technologies. Stem

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A System Regulating Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in the Duodenum of the Chick Embryo and Mouse

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of Population Density on Energy Utilization, Intestinal Disaccharidases, and Adrenal Function in Hens

Effects of Population Density on Energy Utilization, Intestinal Disaccharidases, and Adrenal Function in Hens

Induction of rat liver alkaline phosphatase: the mechanism of the serum elevation in bile duct obstruction

Ligand/Receptor Signaling Threshold (LIST) Model Accounts for gp130‐Mediated Embryonic Stem Cell Self‐Renewal Responses to LIF and HIL‐6

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