A system for the measurements of lightning currents at the Säntis Tower

Romero, C.; Paolone, Mario; Rubinstein, Marcos; Rachidi, Farhad; Rubinstein, Abraham; Diendorfer, Gerhard; Schulz, Wolfgang; Daout, B.; Kalin, A.W.; Zweiacker, P.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2011.08.011

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The server and the front-end station are connected to the Internet over a router and a standard DSL link, allowing remote maintenance, monitoring, and control of the overall measurement chain. More details on the installed measurement system can be found in [13], [16].…”

Section: Säntis Tower and Its Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Säntis station has been instrumented using advanced and modern equipment including remote monitoring and control capabilities for an accurate measurement of lightning current parameters [13], [15]. The lightning current is measured at two 0885-8977/$31.00 © 2013 IEEE different heights, 24 m and 82 m. At the lower height, we installed two Rogowski coils with different sensitivities, each one with its analog integrator used to obtain the current waveform.…”

Section: Säntis Tower and Its Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure serves mainly as a telecommunications tower and as a weather station. A decade-long analysis on the lightning incidence to several towers at various locations in Switzerland resulted in the choice of the Säntis tower, which is struck by lightning about 100 times a year [13].…”

Section: Säntis Tower and Its Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tower was instrumented in 2010 [12], [13]. The period of analysis extends from May 2010 to January 2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Statistical Distributions of Lightning Currents Associated With Upward Negative Flashes Based on the Data Collected at the Säntis (EMC) Tower in 2010 and 2011

Romero

Rachidi

Paolone

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Abstract-This paper presents statistical distributions of lightning current parameters based on the lightning current and current-derivative waveforms measured at the Säntis Tower site in 2010 and 2011. The total number of flashes analyzed in this study was 167, which includes nearly 2000 pulses. The statistical distributions refer to upward negative flashes. It is shown that negative flashes are mainly concentrated in the summer months during the convective season. Statistical data on the salient lightning current parameters, namely, peak current, peak current derivative, risetime, pulse charge, pulse duration, interpulse interval, and flash multiplicity are presented and discussed. The obtained data that constitute the largest dataset available to this date for upward negative flashes are also compared with other available statistical distributions.

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Section: Säntis Tower and Its Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Säntis Tower and Its Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Säntis Tower and Its Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tower was instrumented in 2010 [12], [13]. The period of analysis extends from May 2010 to January 2012.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Statistical Distributions of Lightning Currents Associated With Upward Negative Flashes Based on the Data Collected at the Säntis (EMC) Tower in 2010 and 2011

Romero

Rachidi

Paolone

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 124-m tall Säntis Tower has been instrumented since May 2010 using advanced equipment including remote monitoring and control capabilities for accurate measurement of lightning current parameters enabling a high-resolution sampling of lightning currents over long observation windows [16], [3]. The analog outputs of the sensors are relayed to a digitizing system by means of optical fiber links.…”

Section: A Current Measurement System At the Säntis Towermentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous records of current and 380-km distant electric field of a bipolar lightning flash

Mostajabi¹,

Azadifar²,

Rachidi³

et al. 2017

2017 International Symposium on Lightning Protection (XIV SIPDA)

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Positive lightning flashes recorded on the Säntis tower from May 2010 to January 2012

et al. 2013

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[1] We analyze currents of 30 positive flashes recorded on the Säntis tower, Switzerland, from May 2010 to January 2012. The currents were classified into two types. Type 1 events exhibit a large, unipolar main pulse with a risetime of tens of microseconds, followed by subsidiary peaks separated by millisecond-scale intervals. The main pulse in three flashes was preceded by a slowly rising ramp lasting several milliseconds and was followed by a relatively steady current with superimposed positive and negative pulses, constituting the first direct evidence of M components of both polarities. In four of the five type 1 flashes, the main current was preceded by pulse bursts, presumably due to attempted negative leaders. Type 2 events are characterized by a millisecond-scale waveform with large, oscillatory pulse trains on its rising portion. These pulse trains are inferred to be due to upward negative stepped leaders. Peak currents of type 2 flashes are associated with the fast pulses. Our positive flashes of both types have a median peak current of 11.1 kA and a median duration of 80 ms, consistent with data recorded in Austria. Our measured median transferred charges are about 6 times larger than those at Switzerland's Monte San Salvatore and in Japan and about 3 times larger than in Austria. Eight type 2 flashes in our data set transported over 500 C of positive charge to ground. Our five type 1 events appear to be similar (except for the pulse duration) to their counterparts examined by Berger et al. (1975). Our type 2 events are "classical" upward flashes.

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A system for the measurements of lightning currents at the Säntis Tower

Cited by 61 publications

References 12 publications

Statistical Distributions of Lightning Currents Associated With Upward Negative Flashes Based on the Data Collected at the Säntis (EMC) Tower in 2010 and 2011

Statistical Distributions of Lightning Currents Associated With Upward Negative Flashes Based on the Data Collected at the Säntis (EMC) Tower in 2010 and 2011

Simultaneous records of current and 380-km distant electric field of a bipolar lightning flash

Positive lightning flashes recorded on the Säntis tower from May 2010 to January 2012

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