A SYNTHESIS OF INTERPRETATIONS OF EXTRATROPICAL VORTEX PATTERNS AS SEEN BY TIROS<sup>1</sup>

Widger, William K.

doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1964)092<0263:asoioe>2.3.co;2

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…6 and 7 corresponds to the frontal zone, There are a few cloud bands extending along the southeastern rim of the cold vortex. These characters of cloud distribution are similar to these described in various radar and satellite observational studies on the cold vortex and extratropical cyclone such as by Nagle and Serebreny (1962), Widger (1964), Nozumi (1966) Browning and Harrold (1969). One may find, however, especially developed cloud band (indicated by the arrow in Figs.…”

Section: Rain Band As Seen On the Satellite Cloud Picturesupporting

confidence: 87%

Band Structure of Mesoscale Echo Clusters Associated with Low-Level Jet Stream

Ninomiya¹,

Akiyama²

1974

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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A large echo band, whose length is about 1,000km, developed over the East China Sea adjacent to southwestern Japan on 7 July 1970. The three dimensional structure of the echo band is analyzed by using the data of the Experiment of Severe Rainstorms Research Project.The echo band is associated with strong precipitations and a remarkably developed ageostrophic low-level jet stream. The analyzed moisture field around the jet stream coincides well with the model of the low-level jet's circulation proposed by Matsumoto and Ninomiya (1971). It is inferred about the mechanism of the echo band that the convective mixing of the horizontal momentum in the echo band maintains the ageostrophic low-level jet. The unbalanced solenoidal field caused by the ageostrophic wind field accelerates the vertical circulation and thus maintains the convective activities of the echo band.It is also found that the echo band is not a zone of uniformly distributed echo cells but a row of mesoscale echo clusters whose spacing is about 150km.Two other cases of large-scale echo bands, one over the Pacific coastal area and another over the Midwest of U. S. A., are also presented as similar examples.

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Section: Rain Band As Seen On the Satellite Cloud Picturesupporting

confidence: 87%

Band Structure of Mesoscale Echo Clusters Associated with Low-Level Jet Stream

Ninomiya¹,

Akiyama²

1974

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…The present scheme allows for a detailed classification of cyclogenesis, although the two major types (frontal wave and comma cloud) are retained (see, for example, Troup and Streten 1972). Development of a frontal cyclone from an initial bulge or deformation of a cloud band (figure 4) tends to follow the A-.B-.C-.D-.E sequence shown in figure 2; it is therefore comparable to the schemes presented by Widger (1964), Troup and Streten (1972) and others. However, allowance is also made for a variety of 'comma clouds' or polar lows (A2).…”

Section: Cloud-vortex Classificationsupporting

confidence: 62%

Synoptic cryosphere—atmosphere interactions in the Northern Hemisphere from DMSP image analysis†

Carleton

1985

International Journal of Remote Sensing

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A climatology of Northern Hemisphere cyclonic cloud vortices is developed from high-resolution Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) infrared imagery for mid-season months. The technique which is descrihed involves pattern recognition using a detailed vortex classification system. Variations in hemispheric frequencies of successive vortex types are dorniliantly seasonal rather than latitudinal and imply a close association with surface (mainly cryosphere) variations. More extensive sea ice or snow cover in April and January is associated with increased cyclogenesis, indicating enhanced surface-atmosphere feedback. A significant relationship exists between c1oud-vortex variations and the sea ice boundary, but not with the continental snowline.

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“…The full scheme is presented in Carleton (1985) where it is used to derive a seasonal climatology of the interactions between the synoptic circulation and cryosphere extent in the northern hemisphere. The scheme builds upon the synoptic classification systems proposed earlier by Widger (1964), Chang and Sherr (1969) and Troup and Streten (1972), but is more detailed at the secondary and tertiary levels of classification (refer Fig. 2).…”

Section: Cloud Vortex Classijication Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite climatological aspects of the “polar low” and “instant occlusion”

Carleton

1985

Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

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Middle resolution DMSP (Defense Meterological Satellite Program) visible and infrared imagery are analyzed in conjunction with surface and upper-air synoptic observations for two years' ( 1977. 1978/79) mid-season months (January, April. July, October) to derive synoptic climatological information on the "polar low" and "instant occlusion" phenomena. Polar-air vortices occur most frequently over the oceans in winter. Regional differences in the dominance of cloud signature sub-types confirm variations in the dynamics involved in polar-air cyclogenesis. as noted by previous workers. The "comma cloud" appears to occur more frequently in the North Pacific. while the spiraliform vortex predominates in the North Atlantic. The latter seems to be at least partly attributable to the effect of the eastern Arctic sea-ice boundary. as demonstrated by an analysis of imagery for two winters (D. J. F). each representative of an opposing mode of the North Atlantic Oscillation (1974/75. 1976/77).Composite synoptic "models" of polar lows reveal surface-pressure departures similar to those for cyclogenesis of the frontal wave type. However, a cold core and little vertical tilt distinguish the polar low in the mean. The "instant occlusion" exhibits surface-pressure departures that are deeper and comparable to the mature/dissipating stages of wave cyclone evolution. Spatial patterns of the upper-air anomalies associated with instant occlusions show two distinct vortices: one apparently derived from the polar low. the other from the incipient frontal wave with which it has merged. The seasonal and latitude-dependent cyclone intensity statistics (all types) are applied to the cloud vortex inventory of the North Atlantic-Europe sector for January 1979. The results support the r6le of the polar low as a synoptic indicator of anomalous winter circulation in the extratropics.

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A SYNTHESIS OF INTERPRETATIONS OF EXTRATROPICAL VORTEX PATTERNS AS SEEN BY TIROS¹

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Band Structure of Mesoscale Echo Clusters Associated with Low-Level Jet Stream

Band Structure of Mesoscale Echo Clusters Associated with Low-Level Jet Stream

Synoptic cryosphere—atmosphere interactions in the Northern Hemisphere from DMSP image analysis†

Satellite climatological aspects of the “polar low” and “instant occlusion”

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A SYNTHESIS OF INTERPRETATIONS OF EXTRATROPICAL VORTEX PATTERNS AS SEEN BY TIROS1

Cited by 19 publications

References 7 publications

Band Structure of Mesoscale Echo Clusters Associated with Low-Level Jet Stream

Band Structure of Mesoscale Echo Clusters Associated with Low-Level Jet Stream

Synoptic cryosphere—atmosphere interactions in the Northern Hemisphere from DMSP image analysis†

Satellite climatological aspects of the “polar low” and “instant occlusion”

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Resources

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A SYNTHESIS OF INTERPRETATIONS OF EXTRATROPICAL VORTEX PATTERNS AS SEEN BY TIROS¹