A synthesis of Eocene equoids (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Iberian Peninsula: new signs of endemism

Badiola, Ainara; Perales-Gogenola, L.; Astibia, H.; Suberbiola, Xabier Pereda

doi:10.1080/08912963.2022.2060098

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…They were found in the central and western Iberian basins (Mondego, Oviedo, Almazán, Duero, and Miranda-Treviño), referred to as the western Iberian region in previous works, and in the eastern Ebro Basin (Ulldemolins area) (Fig. 1) (e.g., Perales-Gogenola et al, 2021;Badiola et al, 2022). The new plagiolophine paleotheriid described here is based on material previously mentioned as unnamed taxa (Cuesta, 1994;Badiola, 2004;Badiola & Cuesta, 2008;Badiola et al, 2009a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The depositional setting is a shallow, low-gradient freshwater lake margin with a peripheral swamp (Iriarte et al, 2003;Badiola et al, 2009b). Zambrana is currently the only Priabonian (upper Eocene) locality in the Iberian Peninsula to have yielded a fossil mammal assemblage belonging to the MP 18 reference level of the European Paleogene (Astibia et al, 2000;Badiola, 2004;Badiola et al, 2009aBadiola et al, , 2022.…”

Section: Geographic and Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We follow Franzen (2010) in distinguishing the two equoid groups present in Europe during the Eocene by their different body pattern, among other features. This yields the paraphyletic or polyphyletic subfamily "Pachynolophinae" Pavlow 1887-1888, which includes generally small-sized equoids not included in the family Palaeotheriidae sensu stricto, or the paleotheres, which were medium to large-sized animals (see more details in Badiola et al, 2022).…”

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The great morphological variation among the jugal series of the Iberian paleotheriids could be a response to different feeding strategies from those required in other western European faunas. These different dietary strategies could even be a result of the climatic cooling that began at the end of the middle Eocene and culminated in the Eocene--Oligocene-transition (e.g., Blondel, 2001;Franzen, 2003;Remy, 2004;Badiola & Cuesta, 2008;Perales-Gogenola et al, 2021;Badiola et al, 2009aBadiola et al, , 2022. A previous paleodietary study of Plagiolophus using three dietary proxies (hypsodonty, mesowear, and dental microwear texture analysis) showed that there are no dietary differences between the middle Eocene species Plagiolophus mazateronensis and the early Oligocene species Plagiolophus minor and Plagiolophus ministri (Perales-Gogenola et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Paleoecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the seventh endemic Iberian equoid genus, adding to the following six: Cantabrotherium Casanovas-Cladellas & Santafé, 1987; Franzenium Casanovas-Cladellas & Santafé-Llopis, 1989; Paranchilophus Casanovas-Cladellas & Santafé-Llopis, 1989; Metaplagiolophus Checa, 1993; Bepitherium Checa & Colombo, 2004; and Iberolophus Badiola & Cuesta, 2008. The genera Palaeotherium , Plagiolophus , and Leptolophus are also present in these fossil assemblages, represented by different species from those in Central Europe (Badiola et al, 2022 and references therein). Other Iberian mammalian fossils (mainly rodents and primates) corroborate this endemism (Badiola et al, 2009a; Quer & Agustí, 2010; Marigó et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A remarkable new paleotheriid (Mammalia) in the endemic Iberian Eocene perissodactyl fauna

Perales-Gogenola

Badiola

Gómez‐Olivencia

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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Equoid perissodactyls were diverse in the Eocene of the Iberian Peninsula, and those from the central and western Iberian basins (Mondego, Oviedo, Almazán, Duero, and Miranda-Treviño) and the eastern Ebro Basin (Ulldemolins area) were endemic, with the presence of six genera and 19 species (mainly Palaeotheriidae sensu stricto) that are unknown in the rest of western Europe. In this paper, a new endemic Eocene paleotheriid genus, Idiodontherium, gen. nov., is reported. The new genus includes two species: I. martindejesusi, from the upper middle Eocene (Bartonian) of Mazaterón (Almazán Basin, Soria, Spain) and I. astibiai, from the upper Eocene (Priabonian) site of Zambrana (Miranda-Treviño Basin, Álava/Araba, Spain). Idiodontherium exhibits an unusual dental pattern, which is characterized by an extreme shortening of the jugal series due to a great reduction of the premolar series, in combination with a long post-canine diastema. It is a small to medium-sized plagiolophine with thick enamel in comparison with other plagiolophine equoids of the same size. These new taxa exhibit peculiar dental features that could be associated with greater specialization of the diet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Geographic and Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paleoecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A remarkable new paleotheriid (Mammalia) in the endemic Iberian Eocene perissodactyl fauna

Perales-Gogenola

Badiola

Gómez‐Olivencia

et al. 2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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New data on the mammalian fauna from the late middle Eocene (MP 15–16) of Mazaterón (Soria, Spain): The youngest presence of the genus Prodissopsalis (Hyaenodonta, Hyaenodontidae) in Europe

Salesa

Siliceo

Antón

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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The Hyaenodonta were the most diverse carnivorous mammals in the European Eocene and were classically divided into three subfamilies: Sinopaninae, Arfianinae, and Proviverrinae, with this latter being the most successful of the three, as it exhibited a much larger geographic and temporal range. This classification is currently abandoned, as cladistic analyses of Hyaenodonta showed that several of these groups were paraphyletic. In any case, the former “proviverrines” were European endemic hyaenodontids which occupied the niche of small to medium‐sized predators from the Ypresian (MP7) to the Priabonian (MP19). Recent phylogenetic proposals recognize the “Eurotherium clade” including this latter genus, besides Cartierodon and Prodissopsalis. A single species is known for Prodissopsalis, Prodissopsalis eocaenicus, previously recorded in European fossil sites of MP 12 to MP 14; nevertheless, the new material studied here, a mandible of a subadult individual from the late Middle Eocene (Bartonian, MP 15–16) site of La Solana (Mazaterón, Soria, Spain) constitutes a new species of Prodissopsalis and the youngest record of this genus up to now, extending its chronological range and remarking the shelter role of the northwestern region of the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle and Late Eocene. The new species, Prodissopsalis jimenezi provides new data not only on the eruption sequence of the genus, but also on the evolution of its dental adaptations, as the new species exhibits a more trenchant, hypercarnivorous dentition in comparison to the more primitive species P. eocaenicus, which would point toward a refining of the hunting abilities of this hyaenodont during the Middle Eocene.

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First clear evidence ofAnoplotherium (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) in the Iberian Peninsula: an update on the Iberian anoplotheriines

Badiola,

De Vicuña,

Perales‐Gogenola

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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Anoplotheriines (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) were enigmatic, medium‐ to large‐sized ungulates that lived in Western Europe from the late middle Eocene to the earliest Oligocene. The unusual dental and postcranial specializations of these Paleogene mammals have no equivalent in other Cenozoic or contemporaneous artiodactyls on Holarctic landmasses. They appeared abruptly on the Central European Island around the middle to late Eocene transition, but their origin and dispersal through the different areas of the Eocene European archipelago are uncertain. The Iberian fossil record of anoplotheriines is not as well‐known as that of other Western European areas. This study examined anoplotheriine artiodactyl fossils from late Eocene (Priabonian) beds at the Zambrana site (Miranda‐Treviño Basin, Araba/Álava, Spain). We assign them to at least two different species of anoplotheriines, one in the genus Anoplotherium and the other tentatively assigned to the genus Diplobune. In addition, we described the first cranial and dental elements of Anoplotherium from the Iberian Peninsula. These fossils are crucial for establishing the chronological framework of the Iberian site of Zambrana and understanding the biodiversity and paleobiogeography of the European Eocene artiodactyl fauna.

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A synthesis of Eocene equoids (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Iberian Peninsula: new signs of endemism

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

A remarkable new paleotheriid (Mammalia) in the endemic Iberian Eocene perissodactyl fauna

A remarkable new paleotheriid (Mammalia) in the endemic Iberian Eocene perissodactyl fauna

New data on the mammalian fauna from the late middle Eocene (MP 15–16) of Mazaterón (Soria, Spain): The youngest presence of the genus Prodissopsalis (Hyaenodonta, Hyaenodontidae) in Europe

First clear evidence ofAnoplotherium (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) in the Iberian Peninsula: an update on the Iberian anoplotheriines

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