A synthesis of cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) measurements within the EUCAARI network

Paramonov, Mikhail; Kerminen, Veli‐Matti; Gysel, M.; Aalto, Pasi; Andreae, Meinrat O.; Asmi, Eija; Baltensperger, Urs; Bougiatioti, A.; Brus, David; Frank, Göran; Good, Nicholas; Gunthe, Sachin S.; Hao, Liqing; Irwin, M.; Jaatinen, Antti; Jurányi, Z.; King, S. M.; Kortelainen, A.; Kristensson, Adam; Lihavainen, Heikki; Kulmala, Markku; Lohmann, Ulrike; Martin, Scot T.; McFiggans, G.; Mihalopoulos, N.; Nenes, Athanasios; O’Dowd, Colin; Ovadnevaitė, Jurgita; Petäj̈ä, Tuukka; Pöschl, Ulrich; Roberts, Grégory; Rose, D.; Svenningsson, Birgitta; Swietlicki, Erik; Weingärtner, E.; Whitehead, J. D.; Wiedensohler, Alfred; Wittbom, Cerina; Sierau, B.

doi:10.5194/acp-15-12211-2015

Cited by 60 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…The fraction of particles activated to CCN at a SS value of 0.2 % during summer and winter was 0.49 ± 0.07 and 0.62 ± 0.06, respectively. The frac- tion at a SS value of 0.2 % during winter (JJA) was similar to that (∼ 0.52) measured at Mace Head Station, which is a representative site of a marine environment (Paramonov et al, 2015).…”

Section: Cloud Condensation Nuclei (Ccn) Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Seasonal variability in the physical characteristics of aerosol particles sampled from the King Sejong Station in the Antarctic Peninsula was investigated over the period between March 2009 and February 2015. Clear seasonal cycles for the total particle concentration (CN) were observed. The mean monthly concentration of particles larger than 2.5 nm (CN 2.5 ) was highest during the austral summer, with an average value of 1080.39 ± 595.05 cm −3 , and lowest during the austral winter, with a mean value of 197.26 ± 71.71 cm −3 . The seasonal patterns in the concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and CN coincide, with both concentrations being at a minimum in winter and maximum in summer. The measured CCN spectra were approximated by fitting a power-law function relating the number of CCN for a given supersaturation (SS) to each SS value, with fitting coefficients C and k T . The values for C varied from 6.35 to 837.24 cm −3 , with a mean of 171.48 ± 62.00 cm −3 . The values for k T ranged from 0.07 to 2.19, with a mean of 0.41 ± 0.10. In particular, the k T values during the austral summer were higher than those during the winter, indicating that aerosol particles are more sensitive to SS changes during summer. Furthermore, the annual mean hygroscopicity parameter, κ, was estimated as 0.15 ± 0.05, for a SS of 0.4 %. The effects of the origin and pathway travelled by the air mass on the physical characteristics of the aerosol particles were also determined. The modal diameter of aerosol particles originating in the South Pacific Ocean showed a seasonal variation varying from 0.023 µm in winter to 0.034 µm in summer for the Aitken mode, and from 0.086 µm in winter to 0.109 µm in summer for the accumulation mode.

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Section: Cloud Condensation Nuclei (Ccn) Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 48%

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2017

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“…CCN Concentrations for ZAMBIS Aerosol Particle Concentrations Measured From 10 nm to 880 nm for Typical Ambient Supersaturations SS Based on the CCN Activated Fraction A CCN fromParamonov et al [2015],Andreae [2009], andMadonna [2009] …”

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confidence: 99%

Immersion mode ice nucleation measurements with the new Portable Immersion Mode Cooling chAmber (PIMCA)

et al. 2016

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The new Portable Immersion Mode Cooling chAmber (PIMCA) has been developed for online immersion freezing of single‐immersed aerosol particles. PIMCA is a vertical extension of the established Portable Ice Nucleation Chamber (PINC). PIMCA immerses aerosol particles into cloud droplets before they enter PINC. Immersion freezing experiments on cloud droplets with a radius of 5–7 μm at a prescribed supercooled temperature (T) and water saturation can be conducted, while other ice nucleation mechanisms (deposition, condensation, and contact mode) are excluded. Validation experiments on reference aerosol (kaolinite, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate) showed good agreement with theory and literature. The PIMCA‐PINC setup was tested in the field during the Zurich AMBient Immersion freezing Study (ZAMBIS) in spring 2014 in Zurich, Switzerland. Significant concentrations of submicron ambient aerosol triggering immersion freezing at T > 236 K were rare. The mean frozen cloud droplet number concentration was estimated to be 7.22·105 L−1 for T < 238 K and determined from the measured frozen fraction and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations predicted for the site at a typical supersaturation of SS = 0.3%. This value should be considered as an upper limit of cloud droplet freezing via immersion and homogeneous freezing processes. The predicted ice nucleating particle (INP) concentration based on measured total aerosol larger than 0.5 μm and the parameterization by DeMott et al. (2010) at T = 238 K is INPD10=54 ± 39 L−1. This is a lower limit as supermicron particles were not sampled with PIMCA‐PINC during ZAMBIS.

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“…The degree of similarity of the state of the environment between any two data points (i.e., specific times) was estimated by the use of a distance function that grouped data points into clusters that had broadly similar values among the input variables. Here, we utilized the cluster.KMeans class of the Python scikit-learn package (Pedregosa et al, 2011) to perform the analysis. Selection of the appropriate number of clusters for the K-means analysis followed a similar methodology to that described in Atwood et al (2017), and was based on both an initial hierarchical clustering and the use of internal validity measures (Wilks, 2011).…”

Section: Classification Of Aerosol Population Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of aerosol population type and cloud condensation nuclei properties in a coastal California littoral environment using an unsupervised cluster model

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Aerosol particle and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) measurements from a littoral location on the northern coast of California at Bodega Bay Marine Laboratory (BML) are presented for approximately six weeks of observations during the boreal winter–spring as part of the CalWater-2015 field campaign. The nature and variability of surface (marine boundary layer, MBL) aerosol populations were evaluated by classifying observations into periods of similar aerosol and meteorological characteristics using an unsupervised cluster model to derive distinct littoral aerosol population types and link them to source regions. Such classifications support efforts to understand the impact of changing aerosol properties on precipitation and cloud development in the region, including during important atmospheric river (AR) tropical moisture advection events. Eight aerosol population types were identified that were associated with a range of impacts from both marine and terrestrial sources. Average measured total particle number concentrations, size distributions, hygroscopicities, and activated fraction spectra between 0.08 % and 1.1 % supersaturation are given for each of the identified aerosol population types, along with meteorological observations and transport pathways during time periods associated with each type. Five terrestrially influenced aerosol population types represented different degrees of aging of the continental outflow from the coast and interior of California, and their appearance at the BML site was often linked to changes in wind direction and transport pathways. In particular, distinct aerosol populations, associated with diurnal variations in source regions induced by land- and sea-breeze shifts, were classified by the clustering technique. A terrestrial type representing fresh emissions, and/or a recent new particle formation event, occurred in approximately 10 % of the observations. Over the entire study period, three marine-influenced population types were identified that typically occurred when the regular diurnal land and sea-breeze cycle collapsed and BML was continuously ventilated by air masses from marine regions for multiple days. These marine types differed from each other primarily in the degree of cloud processing evident in the size distributions, and in the presence of an additional large-particle mode for the type associated with the highest wind speeds. One of the marine types was associated with a multi-day period during which an atmospheric river made landfall at BML. Differences between many of the terrestrial and marine population types in total CCN number concentrations active at a specific supersaturation were often not as pronounced as the associated differences in the corresponding activated fraction spectra, particularly for supersaturations below about 0.4 %. This finding was due to the generally higher number concentrations in terrestrial air masses offsetting the lower fraction of particles activating at low supersaturations. At higher supersaturations, CCN concentrations for aged terrestrial types were typically above those of the marine types due to their higher number concentrations.

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A synthesis of cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) measurements within the EUCAARI network

Cited by 60 publications

References 86 publications

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

Immersion mode ice nucleation measurements with the new Portable Immersion Mode Cooling chAmber (PIMCA)

Classification of aerosol population type and cloud condensation nuclei properties in a coastal California littoral environment using an unsupervised cluster model

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