A Synopsis of Tropidocarpum (Brassicaceae)

Abstract

Twisselmannia californica is trans¬ ferred to Tropidocarpum (Brassicaceae). A key to the four species of Tropidocarpum is presented. Disjunction between the North and South American species of the genus is discussed.

The Hemiparasitic Plant Phtheirospermum (Orobanchaceae) Is Polyphyletic and Contains Cryptic Species in the Hengduan Mountains of Southwest China

“…Of these, several endemic genera have been subsumed within other widely distributed genera ( Friesen et al, 2000 ; Pan et al, 2009 ; Tian et al, 2011 ; Zhang et al, 2011b ; Nie et al, 2013 ). However, discovery of new genera is ongoing ( Al-Shehbaz et al, 2004 ; Zhang et al, 2011a ; Wang W. et al, 2013 ; Wang Y.-J. et al, 2013 ).…”

Distributions of vascular plants in the Czech Republic. Part 6

“…64) Lepidium ruderale is found throughout almost all of Europe with the exception of the arctic region, and also occurs in large parts of temperate and subtropical Asia (Thellung 1906, Meusel et al 1965. It is likely to have been introduced into many places in the world, but due to confusion with similar species, its distribution cannot be outlined with certainty (Jonsell 1975, Hewson 1982, Al-Shehbaz 2010. It is reliably recorded as introduced into North America (Al-Shehbaz & Gaskin 2010).…”

“…65) Lepidium sativum is native to north-eastern Africa and south-eastern Asia (Thellung 1906). It is cultivated and has become naturalized in Europe, Asia, North America, South America (Argentina) and Australia (Cheo et al 2001, Al-Shehbaz 2010. In the Czech Republic it is often cultivated but usually only as a vegetable in pots, with seedlings or young plants harvested.…”

Lepidium khalkhalicum (Brassicaceae), a new wild relative of the garden cress (L. sativum) from northwestern Iran

“…With ca 265 species (German 2020), Lepidium is the second‐largest and one of just three naturally cosmopolitan genera of the family (Al‐Shehbaz 2017). As currently delimited (Al‐Shehbaz 2010, 2012a, b2012b, 2015), Lepidium includes not only species with angustiseptate (strongly compressed at right angle to the septum) and dehiscent fruits (i.e. Lepidium in a traditional sense), but also representatives with didymous, quadrangular, terete or inflated, sometimes indehiscent pods, but even with such a broad concept, fully supported phylogenetically (Mummenhoff et al 2001, 2009), it is distinguished from other mustard genera by a combination of fruit silicles with one (very rarely two) subapical ovules per locule, often copiously mucilaginous seeds with almost exceptionally incumbent cotyledons, development of usually both lateral and median nectar glands and indumentum of no or only simple trichomes (Al‐Shehbaz and Gaskin 2010, Al‐Shehbaz 2015).…”

“…Lepidium in a traditional sense), but also representatives with didymous, quadrangular, terete or inflated, sometimes indehiscent pods, but even with such a broad concept, fully supported phylogenetically (Mummenhoff et al 2001, 2009), it is distinguished from other mustard genera by a combination of fruit silicles with one (very rarely two) subapical ovules per locule, often copiously mucilaginous seeds with almost exceptionally incumbent cotyledons, development of usually both lateral and median nectar glands and indumentum of no or only simple trichomes (Al‐Shehbaz and Gaskin 2010, Al‐Shehbaz 2015). The genus has centers of diversity and endemism on all continents except for Antarctica (Mummenhoff et al 2004, Al‐Shehbaz 2010, 2017); within Eurasia, southwest Asia is one of these regions (German 2014).…”