A symbiotic SNARE protein generated by alternative termination of transcription

Pan, Huairong; Oztas, Onur; Zhang, Xiaowei; Wu, Xiao-Ning; Stonoha, Christina; Wang, Ertao; Wang, Bin; Wang, Dong

doi:10.1038/nplants.2015.197

Cited by 70 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These data are in accordance with the "birdsfoot" arbuscules described by Gutjahr and Parniske (2013) Feddermann et al, 2010), RAM2 (Wang et al, 2012), VAMP72s (Ivanov et al, 2012), SYP132A (Pan et al, 2016), EXO70I (Zhang et al, 2015), VTI12 (Lota et al, 2013), ERF1 (Devers et al, 2013), RED (Groth et al, 2013;Gutjahr and Parniske, 2013), RAM1/ATA (Rich et al, 2015), RAD1 (Park et al, 2015;Xue et al, 2015), and FatM (Bravo et al, 2016). Hence, P inhibition may be related to the functions of these genes.…”

Section: The Potential Mechanism Of P Inhibitionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots

et al. 2016

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ORCID IDs: 0000-0002-9997-490X (Y.K.); 0000-0001-8867-5085 (C.S.).Phosphorus (P) is a crucial nutrient for plant growth, but its availability to roots is limited in soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is a promising strategy for improving plant P acquisition. However, P fertilizer reduces fungal colonization (P inhibition) and compromises mycorrhizal P uptake, warranting studies on the mechanistic basis of P inhibition. In this study, early morphological changes in P inhibition were identified in rice (Oryza sativa) using fungal cell wall staining and live-cell imaging of plant membranes that were associated with arbuscule life cycles. Arbuscule density decreased, and aberrant hyphal branching was observed in roots at 5 h after P treatment. Although new arbuscule development was severely inhibited, preformed arbuscules remained intact and longevity remained constant. P inhibition was accelerated in the rice pt11-1 mutant, which lacks P uptake from arbuscule branches, suggesting that mature arbuscules are stabilized by the symbiotic P transporter under high P condition. Moreover, P treatment led to increases in the number of vesicles, in which lipid droplets accumulated and then decreased within a few days. The development of new arbuscules resumed within by 2 d. Our data established that P strongly and temporarily inhibits new arbuscule development, but not intraradical accommodation of AM fungi.

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Section: The Potential Mechanism Of P Inhibitionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots

et al. 2016

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“…A fully developed arbuscule has many fine hyphal branches with a diameter in the order of c. 1 lm (Scannerini & Bonfante-Fasolo, 1979) and curvature of the PAM is high as it closely follows the contours of the hyphal branches. Several proteins required for development of the PAM have been identified, including a specific subunit of the EXOCYST tethering complex, EXO70I, as well as SNARE proteins involved in exocytosis and membrane fusion Kobae & Fujiwara, 2014;Zhang et al, 2015;Huisman et al, 2016;Pan et al, 2016;Harrison & Ivanov, 2017). In mammalian cells, the association of EXO70 with the plasma membrane occurs through interaction with PI(4,5)P 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of phosphoinositides in distinct regions of the periarbuscular membrane

Ivanov

Harrison

2018

New Phytologist

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Summary Phosphoinositides and phosphatidic acid are small anionic lipids that comprise a minor proportion of total membrane lipids in eukaryotic cells but influence a broad range of cellular processes including endomembrane trafficking, signaling, exocytosis and endocytosis. To investigate the spatial distribution of phosphoinositides during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, we generated fluorescent reporters of PI(4,5)P2 and PI4P, as well as phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol and used them to monitor lipid distribution on the cytoplasmic side of membrane bilayers in colonized cortical cells. The PI4P reporter accumulated strongly on the periarbuscular membrane (PAM) and transiently labeled Golgi bodies, while the PA reporter showed differential labeling of endomembranes and the PAM. Surprisingly, the PI(4,5)P2 reporter accumulated in small, discrete regions of the PAM on the arbuscule trunks, frequently in two regions on opposing sides of the hypha. A mutant reporter with reduced PI(4,5)P2 binding capacity did not show these accumulations. The PI(4,5)P2‐rich regions were detected at all phases of arbuscule development following branching, co‐localized with membrane marker proteins potentially indicating high membrane bilayer content, and were associated with an alteration in morphology of the hypha. A possible analogy to the biotrophic interfacial membrane complex formed in rice infected with Magnaporthe orzyae is discussed.

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“…SYP131 is related to t-SNARE that functions in plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions 153 . SYP131 is closely related to SYP132, shown to function in symbiotic interactions 154 . SYP71 localizes mainly to the plasma membrane and also the cell plate, endosome and ER 155,156 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Components of the SNARE-containing regulon are co-regulated in root cells undergoing defense

Klink

Sharma

Pant

et al. 2017

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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The term regulon has been coined in the genetic model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, denoting a structural and physiological defense apparatus defined genetically through the identification of the penetration (pen) mutants. The regulon is composed partially by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptor (SNARE) syntaxin PEN1. PEN1 has homology to a Saccharomyces cerevisae gene that regulates a Secretion (Sec) protein, Suppressor of Sec 1 (Sso1p). The regulon is also composed of the β-glucosidase (PEN2) and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter (PEN3). While important in inhibiting pathogen infection, limited observations have been made regarding the transcriptional regulation of regulon genes until now. Experiments made using the model agricultural Glycine max (soybean) have identified co-regulated gene expression of regulon components. The results explain the observation of hundreds of genes expressed specifically in the root cells undergoing the natural process of defense. Data regarding additional G. max genes functioning within the context of the regulon are presented here, including Sec 14, Sec 4 and Sec 23. Other examined G. max homologs of membrane fusion genes include an endosomal bromo domain-containing protein1 (Bro1), syntaxin6 (SYP6), SYP131, SYP71, SYP8, Bet1, coatomer epsilon (ε-COP), a coatomer zeta (ζ-COP) paralog and an ER to Golgi component (ERGIC) protein. Furthermore, the effectiveness of biochemical pathways that would function within the context of the regulon ave been examined, including xyloglucan xylosyltransferase (XXT), reticuline oxidase (RO) and galactinol synthase (GS). The experiments have unveiled the importance of the regulon during defense in the root and show how the deposition of callose relates to the process.

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A symbiotic SNARE protein generated by alternative termination of transcription

Cited by 70 publications

References 26 publications

Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots

Phosphate Treatment Strongly Inhibits New Arbuscule Development But Not the Maintenance of Arbuscule in Mycorrhizal Rice Roots

Accumulation of phosphoinositides in distinct regions of the periarbuscular membrane

Components of the SNARE-containing regulon are co-regulated in root cells undergoing defense

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