A sustained +21m sea-level highstand during MIS 11 (400ka): direct fossil and sedimentary evidence from Bermuda

Olson, Storrs L.; Hearty, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.11.001

Cited by 86 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Second: a higher group at ∼20 m a.s.l. (Pirrazoli et al, 1993;Howard, 1997;Hearty, 2002;Hearty et al, 1999;Olson and Hearty, 2009;Rohling et al, 1998). These compare with inferences of sea-level from δ 18 O of a band of sea-levels between ∼0 m ) and ∼6 m (Waelbroeck, 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Thus, the global complexity of the climate system may have resulted in a long sea-level response during the last interglacial , with different responses in earlier ones (Siddall et al, 2007). During the possible ∼16 kyrs of the last interglacial (MIS 5.5) some variability in sea-level occurred as, on one hand, inferred from δ 18 O at site ODP 980 west of Ireland Oppo et al, 2006), and on the other hand from detailed geomorphological mapping and ESR ages on reefs and terraces in Barbados (Schellmann and Radtke, 2004a, b). It has been suggested that the highest MIS 5.5 sea-level occurred late and precipitously and was caused by a catastrophic collapse of the West Antarctic icesheet (Hollin, 1965;Neumann and Hearty, 1996;Hearty et al, 2007), but this has received little support (Carew, 1997;Mylroie, 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

Bowen

2010

Clim. Past

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Abstract. Comparison of the sea-level today with that of 400 000 years ago (MIS 11), when the Earth's orbital characteristics were similar may provide, under conditions of natural variability, indications of future sea-level during the present interglacial. Then, as now, orbital eccentricity was low and precession dampened. Evidence for MIS 11 sealevel occurs on uplifting coastlines where shorelines with geochronological ages have been preserved. The sea-level term and the uplift term may be separated with an "uplift correction" formula. This discovers the original sea-level at which the now uplifted shoreline was fashioned. Estimates are based on average uplift rates of the "last interglacial" sealevel (MIS 5.5) using a range of estimates for sea-level and age at that time at different locations. These, with varying secular tectonic regimes in different ocean basins, provide a band of estimates for the MIS 11 sea-level. They do not support the hypothesis of an MIS 11 sea-level at ∼20 m, and instead show that it was closer to its present level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

Bowen

2010

Clim. Past

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“…This process might be described as top-down conduit formation because the development of the pipes enlarge from the surface downward, perhaps initially guided by hydrologic stemflow from plants. As observed in welldeveloped soils and karst surfaces of numerous Quaternary sections Hearty and O'Leary, 2008;Olson and Hearty, 2009), this top-down pedogenic process results in meter-scale deep shafts, narrowing with depth and filled with red or deep red clayey soil (such as the BRS), formed on a time scale of over 0.5 to over 2.0 Ma (Fig. 10B).…”

Section: Alternative Models For Conduit Formation and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…We maintain that all the trace fossil-and mold-bearing deposits we describe in Bermuda are the result of powerful and sustained storms (see also Olson and Hearty, 2009). This view is based on the volume and lack of complexity of the eolian deposits, the sedimentary conditions of burial, and exquisite preservation of delicate footprints of birds.…”

Section: Sedimentology and Aminostratigraphy Of The Enclosing Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…1). As the broad North Lagoon effectively deenergizes wave intensity along the north shore, significant sediment flux and shoreline deposition from the north occurred only during shifts to significantly higher-than-present sea levels, before accommodation could be filled, such as during late MIS 5e and 11 (Hearty et al, 1999(Hearty et al, , 2007Olson and Hearty, 2009). Furthermore, prevailing winds and the source of the strongest storms are mainly from the southern quadrants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PRESERVATION OF TRACE FOSSILS AND MOLDS OF TERRESTRIAL BIOTA BY INTENSE STORMS IN MID-LAST INTERGLACIAL (MIS 5c) DUNES ON BERMUDA, WITH A MODEL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGICAL CONDUITS

Hearty¹,

Olson²

2011

PALAIOS

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Interglacials of the last 800,000 years

2016

Reviews of Geophysics

379

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Interglacials, including the present (Holocene) period, are warm, low land ice extent (high sea level), end-members of glacial cycles. Based on a sea level definition, we identify eleven interglacials in the last 800,000 years, a result that is robust to alternative definitions. Data compilations suggest that despite spatial heterogeneity, Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 5e (last interglacial) and 11c (~400 ka ago) were globally strong (warm), while MIS 13a (~500 ka ago) was cool at many locations. A step change in strength of interglacials at 450 ka is apparent only in atmospheric CO 2 and in Antarctic and deep ocean temperature. The onset of an interglacial (glacial termination) seems to require a reducing precession parameter (increasing Northern Hemisphere summer insolation), but this condition alone is insufficient. Terminations involve rapid, nonlinear, reactions of ice volume, CO 2 , and temperature to external astronomical forcing. The precise timing of events may be modulated by millennial-scale climate change that can lead to a contrasting timing of maximum interglacial intensity in each hemisphere. A variety of temporal trends is observed, such that maxima in the main records are observed either early or late in different interglacials. The end of an interglacial (glacial inception) is a slower process involving a global sequence of changes. Interglacials have been typically 10-30 ka long. The combination of minimal reduction in northern summer insolation over the next few orbital cycles, owing to low eccentricity, and high atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations implies that the next glacial inception is many tens of millennia in the future. Introduction-Interglacials of the Last 800 kaEarth's climate of the last 800 ka (1 ka = 1000 years) is the latest stage in a slow cooling that has been in progress for the last~50 Ma (1 Ma = 1 million years) [Zachos et al., 2008]. During this cooling, ice sheets formed on the Antarctic continent~40 Ma ago, while the first signs of Northern Hemisphere (NH) glaciation appeared much more recently. Only at the start of the Quaternary Period and the Pleistocene Epoch,~2.6 Ma ago, did alternations between cold glacial periods with ice on the NH continents, and warmer intervals with little or no NH continental ice, first appear, reflected in the appearance of ice-rafted debris Kleiven et al., 2002] and in enhanced amplitude of cyclicity in benthic oxygen isotopes in marine sediment records (Figure 1) [Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005].Somewhere between 1.2 and 0.6 Ma ago, weaker cycles with a period of~40 ka gave way to stronger (greater isotopic amplitude) cycles with a recurrence period closer to 100 ka. This change is known as the Mid-Pleistocene Transition or Revolution. Its exact date is debated, and it is likely that different aspects of climate shifted into their new mode of operation at different times [Mudelsee and Schulz, 1997;Rutherford and D'Hondt, 2000;Clark et al., 2006;Elderfield et al., 2012]. By 800 ka ago, the change in amplitude was complete in most re...

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A sustained +21m sea-level highstand during MIS 11 (400ka): direct fossil and sedimentary evidence from Bermuda

Cited by 86 publications

References 52 publications

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

Sea level ~400 000 years ago (MIS 11): analogue for present and future sea-level?

PRESERVATION OF TRACE FOSSILS AND MOLDS OF TERRESTRIAL BIOTA BY INTENSE STORMS IN MID-LAST INTERGLACIAL (MIS 5c) DUNES ON BERMUDA, WITH A MODEL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF HYDROLOGICAL CONDUITS

Interglacials of the last 800,000 years

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