A Sustainable and Biodegradable Building Block: Review on Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Fibre Reinforced PLA Polymer Composites and Their Emerging Applications

Abstract

The development of bamboo fibre (BF) reinforced poly lactic acid (PLA) BF-PLA composites has been growing fast among the natural fibre reinforced composites (NFRCs) over the past few years. BF-PLA composites have gained significant interest as sustainable alternative materials for the engineering and industrial sectors. BF-PLA composites are getting popular due to their remarkable features such as eco-friendliness, biodegradability, recyclability, low cost, low specific weight, and improved mechanical and thermal properties. In this paper, a schematic review of the BF-PLA composites was conducted in terms of mechanical properties (i.e., tensile properties, flexural properties, and impact strength), thermal characteristics with and without chemical treatment, and creep behaviour. Moreover, the sustainability aspects, including biodegradability and recyclability of BF-PLA composites, have been discussed based on various manufacturing methods. In addition, the utilization of BF-PLA composites in the additive manufacturing industry, sustainable packaging, structural, dielectric, and automotive applications are also described to make elevations toward future research and industrial implementations or commercialization. Furthermore, the effects of 3D printing parameters on the mechanical and physical properties of printed BF-PLA objects have been summarized. Significantly, this paper highlights the limitations and future perspectives of the BF-PLA composites.

Influences of 3D printing parameters on the mechanical properties of wood PLA filament: an experimental analysis by Taguchi method

“…After setting the parameters (based on DOE) onto the slicing software, the software gave a G-code. Finally, the G-code has been (1) composite − matrix reinforcement − matrix = % of f iller material inserted into the FDM 3D printing machine. The samples for the mechanical tests were prepared through the Ender-5s FDM 3D printer due to its suitability to fabricate woodbased material.…”

“…There are several additively manufactured methods available such as fused deposition modeling (FDM), binder jetting (BJ), vat photopolymerization (VP), powder bed fusion (PBF), sheet lamination (SL), material jetting (MJ), directed energy deposition (DED) to print composite materials parts; however, among all of them, FDM printing is well-known to fabricate natural fiber-reinforced PLAbased composite (NFRCs) and plastic-based materials [1]. Moreover, FDM printing technology has gained popularity in recent years, intending to balance sustainability (i.e., eco-friendly, biodegradability, recyclability, and low cost) and technological development (i.e., improved mechanical and thermal properties) [2][3][4].…”

“…), automotive (door trim), mobile phone parts (back cover), and decorative materials (for example, showpieces, cartoons, toys, etc.) [1]. On the other hand, wood fibers are one of the most crucial sustainable alternative materials for the engineering and industrial sectors among natural fibers.…”

Mechanical Characteristics Rice Husk Fiber (RHF) Blended Recycled Polyethylene (RPE) for RHF/RPE Polymer Composite

“…Technological developments in the composite production process, environmental consciousness, and ongoing research and development have led to the increasing usage of polymer composites, especially in the production of rice husk polymer composites. Natural fibers are used in construction materials, automotive interiors, and products that highlight environmental sustainability [12]. In the end, the choice between reinforcing with natural and synthetic fibers depends on the requirements of a particular application, considering factors like cost, performance characteristics and environmental impact goals.…”