A suspect horse excluded by analysis of species- and male-specific DNA and mtDNA

Xu, Haiyue; Han, Wenpeng; Zhao, Chunjiang; Dugarjaviin, Manglai

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.02.006

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In comparison with stutter peaks (Chen et al, 2010a , 1996 ; Gill et al, 1997 ), plus A signals were easily detected by Fragment Analysis Software (v. 3.2.42) incorporated in the Genetic Analysis System (Beckman Coulter) and could be easily excluded during data processing and genotype determination (Chen et al, 2010a ). Although dinucleotide STR loci are still being used in equine STR profiling, exploring other means such as equine-specific tetranucleotide STR loci, single nucleotide polymorphism or analysis of mitochondrial DNA may be an alternative or a better approach for interpreting and validating genotyping result (Walsh et al, 1996 ; Breen et al, 1994 ; Kakoi et al, 2013 ; Xu et al, 2011 ; Allen et al, 1998 ).…”

Section: Discussion and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of sample donor by 24-plex short tandem repeat in a post-race equine plasma containing dexamethasone

et al. 2014

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BackgroundAnimal sport such as horseracing is tainted with drug abuse as are human sports. Treatment of racehorses on race day with therapeutic medications in most cases is banned, and thus, it is essential to monitor the illicit use of drugs in the racing horse to maintain integrity of racing, ensure fair competition and protect the health, safety and welfare of the horse, jockeys and drivers. In the event of a dispute over the identity of the sample donor, if the regulator can provide evidence that the DNA genotype profile of the post-race sample matched that of the alleged donor, then the potential drug violation case might be easily resolved without legal challenges.Case descriptionWe present a case study of a racehorse sample that tested positive for dexamethasone in a post-race plasma sample in Pennsylvania (PA) but the result was challenged by the trainer of the horse. Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid widely used in the management of musculoskeletal problems in horses but its presence in the horse during competition is banned by the PA Racing Commissions. The presence of dexamethasone in the post-competition plasma sample was confirmed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. However, this finding was challenged by the trainer of the horse alleging that the post-race sample was not collected from his/her horse and thus petitioned the Commission to be absolved of any wrong-doing. To resolve the dispute, a DNA test was ordered by the PA Racing Commission to identify the correct donor of the dexamethasone positive sample. For this purpose, a 24-plex short tandem repeat analysis to detect 21 equine markers and three human markers was employed. The results indicated that all the samples tested had identical DNA profiles and thus, it was concluded that the samples were collected from the same horse and that the probability of drawing a false conclusion was approximately zero (1.5 × 10-15).ConclusionsThe plasma sample confirmed for the presence of dexamethasone was collected from the alleged horse.

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Section: Discussion and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of sample donor by 24-plex short tandem repeat in a post-race equine plasma containing dexamethasone

et al. 2014

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“…Increased recognition of forensic medicine and pathology as distinct entities in veterinary medicine is evinced by the number of publications on these topics (1–5) and the formation of the IVFSA. Additionally, the 63rd annual scientific meeting of the AAFS in Chicago, 2011, included a workshop on veterinary forensic science.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to traditional postmortems which are usually performed for diagnosis of natural disease, medicolegal postmortems require additional rigorous and detailed documentation to withstand the intense scrutiny of the judicial system. Over the past decade, there has been a discernible growth in the literature on veterinary forensic pathology, medicine, and science (1–5). The International Veterinary Forensic Sciences Association (IVFSA) (http://www.ivfsa.org/ [accessed May 17, 2011]), formed in 2007, has been at the forefront, educating veterinarians and law enforcement personnel in all aspects of veterinary forensic investigations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Trends in Domestic Animal Medico‐Legal Pathology Cases Submitted to a Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory 1998–2010*

McEwen

2012

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Pathologists at veterinary diagnostic laboratories receive medico-legal cases from a variety of animal species for postmortem examination. A search of computerized records of the Animal Health Laboratory, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada from 1998 to 2010 identified 1706 medicolegal cases. These were categorized according to the history as criminal investigations, anesthetic-related deaths, insurance, litigation, malpractice cases, and regulatory cases. Statistically significant linear trends in the proportion of medicolegal cases for all animals and criminal cases for companion animals were identified over the 12 year period. Companion animals had significantly greater odds of being a medicolegal case in all categories except for insurance and regulatory cases, compared to noncompanion animals. Based on pathology reports for the 271 criminal cases, 43.1% were consistent with neglect, 29.2% were compatible with non-accidental injury, 4.80% were poisonings, 10.7% were deemed to be due to natural disease, and 11.43% were inconclusive.

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“…Diatom test is the "gold standard" method [7]. Many other tests are available for drowning investigation, but they are not widely accepted and appreciated, rarely used as compared to the diatom test [8]- [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diatomological Mapping of Aurangabad Region for Unrevealing Drowning Mystery

Shaikh

Ghuge

Sandeep

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose:Drowning is the third unnatural cause of death in India. Drowning death is still considered as one of the most difficult to investigate, it requires the expertise in the pathophysiology and limnology. Long procedural protocol in laboratory analysis of vital organs and the site to obtain the victim and site-relation that creates a burden on the investigating agency. The presence of diatoms in the vital organs of the body helps to establish the pre- or post-mortem drowning death and the appearance of site-specific/unique diatoms for a region aids into locating the exact drowning site. The onsite identification can be solved by studying the diversity and preparing the diatoms map (D-map). Availability of D-map can help to reduce the investigation time and helps in confirmation of the drowning site.Methods:In the present study, samples were collected from the 12 water bodies in Aurangabad region M.S. India, and were acid digested, using Aqua regia solution containing HNO3: H2SO4 in 1:3 proportion in 20ml of water sample. Slides were prepared, mounted and microscopic analysis was performed using light and inverted phase microscope.Results:The D-map was generated and it featured 55 identified species, amongst the members of Nitzschia, Navicula and Cymbella were commonly found in many water bodies, while Craticula, Gomphonema, Tibetiella, Melosira, Pleurosira, and Mastogloia were restricted to only single water body. These unique diatoms can be used as site-specific indicators in drowning investigation of Aurangabad region. This study generated diatomic map for experimental water body present in Aurangabad region.Conclusion:These D-maps will be helpful in dispense a significant information about water bodies and their common as well as unique flora with a qualitative and quantitative distribution of diatoms. D- Map generated in this study can be harnessed to update knowledge of diatomology or diatoms database and generated data will aid in drowning investigation.

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A suspect horse excluded by analysis of species- and male-specific DNA and mtDNA

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Identification of sample donor by 24-plex short tandem repeat in a post-race equine plasma containing dexamethasone

Identification of sample donor by 24-plex short tandem repeat in a post-race equine plasma containing dexamethasone

Trends in Domestic Animal Medico‐Legal Pathology Cases Submitted to a Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory 1998–2010*

Diatomological Mapping of Aurangabad Region for Unrevealing Drowning Mystery

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