A Survey on Traffic Evacuation Techniques in Internet of Things Network Environment

Idowu-Bismark, Olabode; Idachaba, F.E.; Atayero, Aderemi A.

doi:10.17485/ijst/2017/v10i33/112749

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Favorable propagation condition is assumed in mMIMO which is to mean a sufficiently complex scattering environment is experienced by the users as the BS antenna increases to large number causing the user channels to become pair wise orthogonal. In this scenario as dimensions become large, matrix operations like inversion becomes less operationally complex and simple series expansion techniques can be used to calculate it [17]. This is what makes linear algorithms like ZF and MMSE where matrix inversion operation is used to be near optimal in performance [30], a situation that is almost impossible without mMIMO favorable propagation condition [31].…”

Section: Iv4 Massive Mimomentioning

confidence: 99%

5G Wireless Communication Network Architecture and Its Key Enabling Technologies

Idowu-Bismark

Okokpujie

Husbands

et al. 2019

IREASE

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The wireless mobile communication systems have developed from the second generation (2G) through to the current fourth generation (4G) wireless system, transforming from simply telephony system to a network transporting rich multimedia contents including video conferencing, 3-D gaming and in-flight broadband connectivity (IFBC) where airline crew use augmented reality headsets to address passengers personally. However, there are still many challenges that are beyond the capabilities of the 4G as the demand for higher data rate, lower latency, and mobility requirement by new wireless applications sores leading to mixed contentcentric communication service. The fifth generation (5G) wireless system has thus been suggested, and research is ongoing for its deployment beyond 2020. In this article, we investigate the various challenges of 4G and propose an indoor, outdoor segregated cellular architecture with cloudbased Radio Access Network (C-RAN) for 5G, we review some of its key emerging wireless technologies needed in meeting the new demands of users including massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO) system, Device-to-Device (D2D), Visible Light Communication (VLC), Ultra-dense network, Spatial Modulation and Millimeter wave technology. It is also shown how the benefits of the emerging technologies can be optimized using the Software Defined Networks/Network Functions Virtualization (SDN/NFV) as a tool in C-RAN. We conclude that the new 5G wireless architecture will derive its strength from leveraging on the benefits of the emerging hardware technologies been managed by reconfigurable SDN/NFV via the C-RAN. This work will be of immense help to those who will engage in further research expedition and network operators in the search for a smooth evolution of the current state of the art networks toward 5G networks.

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Section: Iv4 Massive Mimomentioning

confidence: 99%

5G Wireless Communication Network Architecture and Its Key Enabling Technologies

Idowu-Bismark

Okokpujie

Husbands

et al. 2019

IREASE

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“…The small cells are with less number of UPA transmit antenna , and where and . In this work, the antenna groups at the BS are connected to an RF chain such that , this way the M-ary incoming independent amplitude phase modulated data stream such as M-QAM or M-PSK and the 1 space domain data stream are then processed with a digital precoder to generate RF-domain symbols that are matched randomly to the input of the antenna groups according to the space domain incoming information [10,16] These selections are called the active antenna groups combination (AAGC) while those unassigned antenna groups are dormant within this symbol's transmission period. If M ≥ 1 stands for the total number of active group combinations, and one is selected out of M in each symbol period, then based to GSM rule M is given by equation 4…”

Section: A Non-beamforming Sm-aided Mmwave-mimomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, with the small wavelength of mmWave, large number of antennas can be packed within a small form factor to provide higher spectral efficiency and at the same time, the beamforming technique available with a large number of antenna elements can mitigate the pathloss of mmWave channels, enhance SINR with improved quality of service (QoS) [9]. Although, mmWave massive MIMO constitute a promising candidate for the proposed 5G cell densification technique of increasing the network capacity [10], it comes with its own challenges including space issue required for large number of miniaturized RF chain needed per antenna element or antenna array packed within a small space and the resulting huge heat dissipation leading to difficult hardware implementation [9] which the combination of hybrid beamforming and SM-MIMO can adequately resolve. Other challenges include the characterization of the new mmWave massive MIMO channel and the provision of channel models for predicting the performance of the system [11] which are outside the scope of this paper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5G Small Cell Backhaul: A Solution Based on GSM-Aided Hybrid Beamforming

Idowu-Bismark¹,

Oyeleke²,

Atayero³

et al. 2019

IJCNIS

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In the proposed 5G architecture where cell densification is expected to be used for network capacity enhancement, the deployment of millimetre wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) in urban microcells located outdoor is expected to be used for high channel capacity small cell wireless traffic backhauling as the use of copper and optic-fibre cable becomes infeasible owing to the high cost and issues with right of way. The high cost of radio frequency (RF) chain and its prohibitive power consumption are big drawbacks for mmWave massive MIMO transceiver implementation and the complexity of using optimal detection algorithm as a result of inter-channel interference (ICI) as the base station antenna approaches large numbers. Spatial modulation (SM) and Generalized Spatial Modulation (GSM) are new novel techniques proposed as a low-complexity, low cost and low-powerconsumption MIMO candidate with the ability to further reduce the RF chain for mmWave massive MIMO hybrid beamforming systems. In this work, we present the principles of generalized spatial modulation aided hybrid beamforming (GSMA-HBF) and its use for cost-effective, high energy efficient mmWave massive MIMO transceiver for small cell wireless backhaul in a 5G ultradense network.

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“…Machine-type communications such as the Virtual reality applications, Internet of Things, Internet of Everything, vehicles Ado networks, Artificial intelligence, etc are expected to play an important role in the future wireless networks [1,2]. Especially in industry requiring automation, communication, safety for increased productivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the current long term evolution advance (LTE/LTE-A) cellular networks cannot handle such gigantic connections since user terminals at the cell boundary experience very high interference, and therefore perform badly [5]. Furthermore, orthodox cellular systems are designed mainly for human users [1]. The use of a wide range of spectrum in the forth coming fifth generation (5G) communication network including the millimeter wave (MmWave) with its ability to provide large bandwidth from hundreds of MHz to several GHz range is able to offer much more bandwidth and connectivity than the traditional microwave communication below the 6GHz band [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption, Diffraction and Free Space Path Losses Modeling for the Terahertz Band

Oluseun¹,

Thomas²,

Idowu-Bismark³

et al. 2020

IJEM

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With the explosive increase in the data traffic of wireless communication systems and the scarcity of spectrum, terahertz (THz) frequency band is predicted as a hopeful contender to shore up ultra-broadband for the forthcoming beyond fifth generation (5G) communication system. THz frequency band is a bridge between millimeter wave (mmWave) and optical frequency bands. The contribution of this paper is to carry out an in-depth study of the THz channel impairments using mathematical models to evaluate the requirements for designing indoor THz communication systems at 300GHz. Atmospheric absorption loss, diffraction loss and free space path loss were investigated and modeled. Finally, we discuss several potential application scenarios of THz and the essential technical challenges that will be encountered in the future THz communications. Finally, the article finds that propagating in the THz spectrum is strongly dependent on antenna gain.

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A Survey on Traffic Evacuation Techniques in Internet of Things Network Environment

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

5G Wireless Communication Network Architecture and Its Key Enabling Technologies

5G Wireless Communication Network Architecture and Its Key Enabling Technologies

5G Small Cell Backhaul: A Solution Based on GSM-Aided Hybrid Beamforming

Absorption, Diffraction and Free Space Path Losses Modeling for the Terahertz Band

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