A Survey on the Management Status of Extramural Herbal Dispensaries

Ahn, Ung-chan; Kim, Hyeon-Dong; Kim, Jihoon; Rho, Tae-Won; Han, Sang‐Yong; Kim, Yun-Kyung

doi:10.14374/hfs.2016.24.1.1

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…), one expert in the GMP, and one expert in hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP)). The draft of the questionnaire was developed based on previous studies [ 87 , 88 , 89 ]. The final version of the questionnaire was agreed upon through a review and revision process ( Additional file 2 in Supplementary Materials ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Venom for Medical Usage in Pharmacopuncture in Korean Medicine: Current Status and Clinical Implication

Sung

Kim

Han

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Animal venoms, widespread throughout the world, are complex mixtures, the composition of which depends on the venom-producing species. The objective of this study was to contribute to the development of animal venom-based medicines by investigating the use of animal venom pharmacopuncture in Korean medicine (KM) institutions. We surveyed 256 public health centers from 1 through 31 October 2019 as guided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW). A questionnaire developed by an expert group was distributed and collected for statistical analysis. The survey identified three types of animal venom-based pharmacopuncture: bee, snake, and toad venoms. The medications are based on a single animal venom ingredient and produced in 11 external herbal dispensaries (EHDs). Each animal venom is processed, refined, and freeze-dried in a cleanroom to produce a powder formulation that is later measured, diluted, filtered, filled, sealed, sterilized, and packaged as pharmacopuncture injections used in KM institutions. Bee venom therapy is effective in treating musculoskeletal pain, snake venom therapy is effective in controlling bleeding during surgery, and toad venom therapy is effective in cancer treatment. The study suggests that bee, snake, and toad venoms could be used in medical institutions and have the potential for drug development.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Venom for Medical Usage in Pharmacopuncture in Korean Medicine: Current Status and Clinical Implication

Sung

Kim

Han

et al. 2021

Toxins

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“…Six TKM experts participated in drafting the questionnaire (including 3 TKM specialists with an average of 10+ years of clinical experience, 2 PhD holders in TKM with 10+ years of experience in the field, and 1 TKM policy researcher who is also an accreditor of EHD of TKM institutions). The questionnaire was developed according to previous studies [ 13 , 23 – 25 ]. The draft questionnaire was reviewed by 2 TKM researchers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status and future perspective of external herbal dispensaries preparing traditional herbal medicine in South Korea: the first National-Wide Survey results

Sung

Han

Ryu

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background An external herbal dispensary (EHD) is a type of pharmacy that provides various types of personalized herbal medicines (PHMs) to other traditional Korean medicine (TKM) institutions. Such dispensaries were legalized by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW) in 2008 in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of the EHD facilities and their quality controls and compare them with the good manufacture practice (GMP) guidelines to contribute to the establishment of the safety and quality control criteria for PHMs. Methods We contacted 107 EHD representatives or people in charge of the preparation of PHMs (TKM pharmacists) and invited them to complete a survey questionnaire; of the total, 81 responded. The survey questionnaire was developed in 3 stages: drafting, revision by external experts, and final editing. It consisted of 20 questions covering 3 sections: basic characteristics of EHDs, facility, and quality control. The survey was hosted online from December 2017 to January 2018 as guided by the MoHW. Results The completion rate was 75.7% (n = 81). In terms of facilities, the five facilities (water supply, manufacture, pest control, hygiene management and warehousing) that corresponded to the legal requirements of EHD were mostly equipped, but the types of facilities and equipment differed. Two facilities (sterilization and cross-contamination that were not legally required for EHD were found to have mostly pharmacopuncture-EHD (P-EHD), but hardly any herbal medicine-EHD (H-EHD). In our findings regarding quality control of non-medicinal herbs, sensory evaluation that included checks for foreign bodies and deterioration were conducted. In terms of the quality control of herbal medicines, residual pesticides and heavy metals tests were performed and for pharmacopuncture, pH, salinity, sterility, and endotoxin tests along with gross examination were performed. In the end, we found that 6 of the 38 standard items as required by the Korea GMP were suitable. Conclusions In this study, detailed information for each existing EHD law was determined through a nationwide questionnaire. Moreover, the basis for its reflection in additional legal standards should be introduced so that safe herbal medicine can be prepared in EHDs.

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Usage status and satisfaction with pharmacopuncture in Korea: A survey among Korean medicine doctors

Park

Kim

Kang

et al. 2019

European Journal of Integrative Medicine

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A Survey on the Management Status of Extramural Herbal Dispensaries

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Animal Venom for Medical Usage in Pharmacopuncture in Korean Medicine: Current Status and Clinical Implication

Animal Venom for Medical Usage in Pharmacopuncture in Korean Medicine: Current Status and Clinical Implication

Current status and future perspective of external herbal dispensaries preparing traditional herbal medicine in South Korea: the first National-Wide Survey results

Usage status and satisfaction with pharmacopuncture in Korea: A survey among Korean medicine doctors

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