A survey on Swiss women's preferred menstrual/withdrawal bleeding pattern over different phases of reproductive life and with use of hormonal contraception

Merki‐Feld, Gabriele S.; Breitschmid, Nicole; Seifert, Burkhardt; Kreft, Martina

doi:10.3109/13625187.2014.907398

Cited by 20 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There is a lack of relevant studies in the scientific databases, including Medline and Scopus concerning the three countries involved in the present survey: Hungary, Romania and Serbia. Previous surveys in women of reproductive age regarding their menstrual bleeding patterns have revealed that women in different countries in Europe share similar views about the 'necessity' of menstruation, with approximately 30% of the responders preferring not having menstrual bleeding at all (Tyden et al 2006;Fruzetti et al 2008;Merki-Feld et al 2014). Students in the present three countries are of particular interest as the availability of contraceptive methods prospered in this region in the last 20 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…There have been a number of studies published on the knowledge and attitudes related to the menstrual cycle, child-bearing and contraception in different populations, but there have been none in South Eastern Europe recently (Inandi et al 2003;Tyden et al 2006;Fruzetti et al 2008;Merki-Feld et al 2014). There is a lack of relevant studies in the scientific databases, including Medline and Scopus concerning the three countries involved in the present survey: Hungary, Romania and Serbia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Knowledge and attitudes of female university students on menstrual cycle and contraception

Szűcs

Bito

Csíkos

et al. 2016

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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Socioeconomic changes, as well as the development of new contraceptive modalities may influence women's preferences in the selection of a method of contraception. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, opinions and attitudes of female university students regarding the menstrual cycle, sexual health and contraception. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 2572 female university students in Hungary, Romania and Serbia, between November 2009 and January 2011. A higher proportion of students of health sciences than students of other faculties had appropriate knowledge of the fertile period within a menstrual cycle: 86.0%, 71.5% (p = .02) and 61.1% vs. 71.9% (p < .001), 59.8% and 43.2% (p < .001) in Hungary, Romania and Serbia, respectively. Overall, more than 69% of the female university students believed in the need for monthly menstruation in order to be healthy; however, merely 30 to 40% of them wished to have monthly bleeding. In general, the respondents were aware of the importance of menstruation in relation to sexual health; however, they wished to suppress the menstruation-related symptoms. Differences in the knowledge and attitudes of female university students of the three assessed countries may be explained in part by cultural differences, and in part by the nature of their studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and attitudes of female university students on menstrual cycle and contraception

Szűcs

Bito

Csíkos

et al. 2016

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

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“…What is important to many women is how manageable their bleeding is, impinging as little as possible on daily activities and quality of life. The majority of women prefer to have fewer bleeding days and less heavy bleeding [1,2,17]. Only 37% wanted monthly bleeding [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only 37% wanted monthly bleeding [18]. Around 30% of women feel that menstrual bleeding has a severe negative impact on their daily life [2,17]. In a recent Swiss survey, 80% of the participants wanted fewer bleeding days while using a contraceptive [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Randomized comparison of bleeding patterns in women using a combined contraceptive vaginal ring or a low-dose combined oral contraceptive on a menstrually signaled regimen

et al. 2015

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Randomized comparison of bleeding patterns in women using a combined contraceptive vaginal ring or a low-dose combined oral contraceptive on a menstrually signaled regimen Study design: Women, 66 to each group, were randomized to continuous use of a CVR (15 mcg ethinyl estradiol/150 mcg etonogestrel) or a low-dose pill (20 mcg ethinyl estradiol/100 mcg levonorgestrel) for 360 days on a menstrually signaled regimen. Bleeding/spotting days, daily use of ring or pill, was recorded. Endpoint was the total number of bleeding/spotting days for each method over four 90-day reference periods (RP) plus the analysis of bleeding patterns using modified World Health Organization criteria.Results: There was a reduction in the mean (± S.D.) number of bleeding/spotting days from RP1 (CVR 14.2±10; pill 16.6±10.9) to RP4 (CVR 8.8±9.6; pill 8.8±9.1). Fifteen percent of CVR and 4% COC users experienced amenorrhea or infrequent bleeding throughout the study. Amenorrhea increased over time (RP1 vs. RP4: CVR 10% vs. 21% and COC 2% vs. 30%). Compliance with the menstrually signaled regimen was poor. Ceasing hormones for 4 days stopped a bleeding episode within 5 days in the majority of episodes and many stopped spontaneously. Conclusion:Bleeding patterns with continuous use of the CVR and COC are similar and improve over 1 year of use. The unpredictability, but short duration, of bleeding episodes should be stressed during counseling. Implication: This information for clinicians and women about breakthrough bleeding patterns with use of a CVR or combined pill over 12 months using a menstrually signaled regimen will give women an indication of what to expect with continuous use.

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There might be blood: a scoping review on women’s responses to contraceptive-induced menstrual bleeding changes

Polis

Hussain²,

Berry³

2018

Contraception

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Introduction: Concern about side effects and health issues are common reasons for contraceptive non-use or discontinuation. Contraceptive-induced menstrual bleeding changes (CIMBCs) are linked to these concerns. Research on women's responses to CIMBCs has not been mapped or summarized in a systematic scoping review. Methods: We conducted a systematic scoping review of data on women's responses to CIMBCs in peer-reviewed, English-language publications in the last 15 years. Investigator dyads abstracted information from relevant studies on pre-specified and emergent themes using a standardized form. We held an expert consultation to obtain critical input. We provide recommendations for researchers, contraceptive counselors, and product developers. Results: We identified 100 relevant studies. All world regions were represented (except Antarctica), including Africa (11%), the Americas (32%), Asia (7%), Europe (20%), and Oceania (6%). We summarize findings pertinent to five thematic areas: women's responses to contraceptive-induced non-standard bleeding patterns; CIMBCs influence on non-use, dissatisfaction or discontinuation; conceptual linkages between CIMBCs and health; women's responses to menstrual suppression; and other emergent themes. Women's preferences for non-monthly bleeding patterns ranged widely, though amenorrhea appears most acceptable in the Americas and Europe. Multiple studies reported CIMBCs as top reasons for contraceptive dissatisfaction and discontinuation; others suggested disruption of regular bleeding patterns was associated with non-use. CIMBCs in some contexts were perceived as linked with a wide range of health concerns; e.g., some women perceived amenorrhea to cause a buildup of "dirty" or "blocked" blood, in turn perceived as causing blood clots, fibroids, emotional disturbances, weight gain, infertility, or death. Multiple studies addressed how CIMBCs (or menstruation) impacted daily activities, including participation in domestic, work, school, sports, or religious life; sexual or emotional relationships; and other domains. Conclusions: Substantial variability exists around how women respond to CIMBCs; these responses are shaped by individual and social influences. Despite variation in responses across contexts and sub-populations, CIMBCs can impact multiple aspects of women's lives. Women's responses to CIMBCs should be recognized as a key issue in contraceptive research, counseling, and product development, but may be underappreciated, despite likelyand potentially substantialimpacts on contraceptive discontinuation and unmet need for modern contraception.

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A survey on Swiss women's preferred menstrual/withdrawal bleeding pattern over different phases of reproductive life and with use of hormonal contraception

Abstract: Contraceptive counsellors should be aware that women's wishes differ widely. Predictability of bleeding seems to be more important to them than postponing it.

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Knowledge and attitudes of female university students on menstrual cycle and contraception

Knowledge and attitudes of female university students on menstrual cycle and contraception

Randomized comparison of bleeding patterns in women using a combined contraceptive vaginal ring or a low-dose combined oral contraceptive on a menstrually signaled regimen

There might be blood: a scoping review on women’s responses to contraceptive-induced menstrual bleeding changes

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