A Survey on Seismic Sensor based Target Detection, Localization, Identification, and Activity Recognition

Abstract

Current sensor technologies facilitate device-free and non-invasive monitoring of target activities and infrastructures to ensure a safe and inhabitable environment. Device-free techniques for sensing the surrounding environment are an emerging area of research where a target does not need to carry or attach any device to provide information about its motion or the surrounding environment. Consequently, there has been an increasing interest in device-free sensing. Seismic sensors are extremely effective tools for gathering target motion information. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the seismic sensor-based device-free sensing process and highlight the key techniques within the research field. We classify the existing literature into three categories, viz., (i) target detection, (ii) target localization, and (iii) target identification, and activity recognition. The techniques in each category are divided into multiple subcategories in a structured manner to comprehensively discuss the details. We also discuss the challenges associated with contemporary cutting-edge research and suggest potential solutions.

On the Intersection of Signal Processing and Machine Learning: A Use Case-Driven Analysis Approach

“…The study analyzed numerous articles related to EEG signal processing, identified limitations, and analyzed future development trends. Besides biomedical and BdM fields, the role of signal processing in ML has been addressed in various fields such as audio analysis and recognition [14]- [20], seismic signal analysis [20]- [22], and telecommunications [23]- [30].…”

Frequency Seismic Response for EEWS Testing on Uniaxial Shaking Table

“…Their frequency band must cover 0.01 to 100 Hz and ground motions from 1 nm to 10 mm [ 18 ]. From classical seismic receivers placed at or close to a designated area [ 19 ] to downhole receivers immersed at typical depths [ 20 ] or to latest optical fiber network enhancing [ 21 ], seismic sensors detect certain ground vibrations with the highest precision and process the information in real-time to trigger an alert. Lately, seismic recording instruments have gained particular importance in assisting the monitoring processes of other natural phenomena, such as rainfall episodes or thunderstorms [ 22 ], or for target detection and activity recognition [ 23 ].…”