A survey on low-cost development boards for applying cryptography in IoT systems

Caraveo-Cacep, Miguel Antonio; Vázquez-Medina, Rubén; Zavala, Antonio Hernández

doi:10.1016/j.iot.2023.100743

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For Performance evaluation, we chose two widely used embedded devices, NodeMCU ESP8266, and WROOM-32 ESP32, to implement and evaluate the suggested algorithm's performance, these devices have been employed as microcontrollers for sensor nodes in different IoT applications (Caraveo-Cacep et al, 2023). Table 7 lists some of the main specifications of these devices, the two devices have a 32-bit processor that is compatible with 32-bit word size, although the ESP32 has dual processing cores, we only used one since most lightweight cryptographic algorithms are built for a single core.…”

Section: Performance Evaluation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to Secure Iot Devices

Mouad Alyas AL_AZZAWI,

Salim Mahmood AL-DABBAGH

2023

MINAR Journal

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Lightweight cryptography is an effective solution for ensuring confidentiality and privacy in resource-constrained environments, particularly in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. These systems consist of a large number of IoT devices, such as sensor nodes and embedded devices that handle sensitive data and are connected via the Internet, making them susceptible to various types of attacks. Considering the constrained processing capability, memory size, and energy of these devices, this article proposes a lightweight block cipher that aims to provide security for IoT devices, with a focus on achieving efficient software implementation, particularly in devices with 32-bit processors. The structural design of the suggested algorithm is based on Type-2 Generalized Feistel Networks (GFN), which are based on four branches of 32-bit and simple key scheduling. To enhance the diffusion and strength of the GFN structure, a partial permutation layer has been added to the cipher. Moreover, to reduce the implementation cost, a simple round function has been designed using low-cost operations like Addition, XOR, and Rotation. Security of the suggested algorithm has been validated through security analysis, and the results show meeting the criteria for avalanche effect with 50.97% Key Sensitivity and 50.58% Plaintext Sensitivity, and the correlation coefficienttest results indicate a weak correlation between the plaintext and ciphertext, this makes it difficult to retrieve the plaintext from the ciphertext. When designing lightweight algorithms, one of the primary objectives is to enhance performance. To evaluate the algorithm's performance, we tested its execution time, code size, memory consumption, and throughput on real IoT devices, such as ESP8266 and ESP32, as an embedded cryptographic module. Based on the experimental results and security analysis, the suggested algorithm showed a good grade of security and higher performance in encryption and decryption operations than other lightweight algorithms, which makes it capable of providing a framework for securing data in the restricted IoT environment.

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Section: Performance Evaluation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to Secure Iot Devices

Mouad Alyas AL_AZZAWI,

Salim Mahmood AL-DABBAGH

2023

MINAR Journal

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“…The network layer, which acts as the heart of IoT as it consists of both hardware and software components and transmits information collected by the physical layer. The application layer, which serves as a link between the user and the IoT device [5] [6]. The devices are used in a variety of industries as [7][8] [9][10] [11]: (ii) In healthcare: IoT devices have greatly aided the monitoring of patients, resulting in a higher percentage of lives saved because doctors can monitor the devices connected to the patient on their tablets and obtain realtime data of the patient, allowing them to be notified immediately if something is wrong.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lightweight Cryptography for Internet of Things: A Review

Amrita,

Ekwueme,

Adam

et al. 2024

EAI Endorsed Trans IoT

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The paper examines the rising significance of security in Internet of Things (IoT) applications and emphasizes the need for lightweight cryptographic solutions to protect IoT devices. It acknowledges the growing prevalence of IoT in various fields, where sensors collect data, and computational systems process it for action by actuators. Due to IoT devices' resource limitations and networked nature, security is a concern. The article compares different lightweight cryptographic block cipher algorithms to determine the best approach for securing IoT devices. It also discusses the merits of hardware versus software solutions and explores potential security threats, including intrusion and manipulation. Additionally, the article outlines future work involving the implementation of the trusted Advanced Standard Encryption block cipher in IoT devices, including its use in quick-response (QR) code scanning and messaging platforms. It acknowledges existing drawbacks and suggests areas for improvement in IoT system performance and security.

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“…Striking a delicate balance between security levels and resource demands is the key. Furthermore, lightweight cryptography underscores usability and compatibility with existing protocols and systems, contributing to its significance in the realm of secure communication for resource-constrained environments (4)(5)(6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attack Analysis on Hybrid-SIMON-SPECKey Lightweight Cryptographic Algorithm for IoT Applications

Neve,

Bansode

2024

IJST

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Objective: To perform attack analysis on new developed hybrid-SIMON-SPECKey lightweight cryptographic algorithms and compare its strength with existing SIMON and SPECK Lightweight cryptographic algorithm. Methods: A hybrid-SIMON-SPECKey algorithm is the combination of round function of SIMON and key scheduling of SPECK algorithm. Both SIOMN & SPECK algorithm are used for securing resource constrained devices. In this research work, avalanche effect method is used to analyze attack resistance property of algorithm. Findings: Newly developed Hybrid algorithm shows better results in terms of execution time and memory consumption. As compared to SIMON, hybrid version of algorithm consumes 50% less time and 20% less memory, which makes it efficient. Strict Avalanche criteria for SIMON is 89%, that of SPECK is 90% and in case of hybrid algorithm, it is 90% at start position but when the character is flipped or changed at the end position of plain text then SAC is more (87%) in case of hybrid algorithm as compared as SIMON and SPECK algorithms. Hence, newly developed algorithm showed improved results with equally resistance to the attack as compared to SIMON & SPECK. Novelty and applications: The novelty lies in the creation of a hybrid lightweight cryptographic algorithm that combines the feistel structure of SIMON with the key scheduling function of SPECK. This hybrid approach aims to leverage the strengths of both algorithms, potentially providing a more robust and efficient solution for resource-constrained IoT devices. In section 3.1 comparative analysis is done which show that hybrid algorithm outperforms in term of time and memory consumption as well a strength of newly developed hybrid algorithm is evaluated using avalanche effect which shows that it is at par with base algorithms. Keywords: Attack Analysis, Cipher Code, Decryption, Encryption, Lightweight Cryptography, Iot Devices, And Resource Constraint Devices

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A survey on low-cost development boards for applying cryptography in IoT systems

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

A Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to Secure Iot Devices

A Lightweight Encryption Algorithm to Secure Iot Devices

Lightweight Cryptography for Internet of Things: A Review

Attack Analysis on Hybrid-SIMON-SPECKey Lightweight Cryptographic Algorithm for IoT Applications

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