A survey of the potential of the high performance liquid chromatography and capillary zone electrophoresis for the determination of platinum and platinum group metals

Abstract

Various platinum group metals (PGMs) can be separated in the form of complexes with monodentate ligands, ion associates or chelates by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Ion associates of anionic monodentate PGM complexes with low and high-molecular-mass ammonium cations give satisfactory results in ion interaction HPLC on reversed phase silica in the presence of CH3CN or CH30H modifiers. PGM chelates often show considerable shortcomings due to kinetic hindrance during their formation and must be formed prior to HPLC application. Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) brings some new aspects to the separation of PGMs in addition to increasing separation speed and miniaturization of the system. Both methods can be successfully used for the treatment of platinum anti-cancer drugs, their organic impurities, hydrolytic products or metabolites in body fluids. Representative examples are discussed in this paper.

Sequential Voltammetric Determination of Ultratrace Osmium, Ruthenium and Iridium. Application to Superficial Water

“…Really, for the determination of these metals, spectroscopic techniques [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] are prevalently used, more rarely neutron activation analysis [17,18] and chromatography [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Voltammetric measurements are seldom employed [26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Quantification of Noble Metals in Biological and Environmental Samples

“…The bioaccumulation coefficient of cisplatin in cancer cells was reported to be 1.8-3.8. Separation techniques, in particular ion chromatography and CE, coupled with element-specific and molecular detectors enable investigation of various platinum species occurring under physiological conditions, which is fundamental for explanation of the metabolism and therapeutic properties of these drugs [42,116,[144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152]. The monohydrated complex of cisplatin, a product of hydrolysis occurring under low chloride concentrations in cancer cells, is considered the most reactive with DNA.…”

On-Line Titanium Dioxide Nanotube Preconcentration for ICP-MS Determination of Trace Silver in Biological Samples

“…trace/ultra-trace precious metals include fire assay, co-precipitation, solvent extraction, solid phase extraction (SPE), ion exchange, cloud point extraction, electrodeposition, and chromatography (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Among these techniques, SPE has been widely used for the separation and preconcentration of trace elements because of its simplicity, high preconcentration factors, rapid phase separation, and ability to be used with different detection techniques.…”