A survey of state-of-the-art development of coal-fired steam turbine power plant based on advanced ultrasupercritical steam technology

Abstract

This paper surveys the development of coal-fired power plant technology based on steam turbine generator units. It is shown that, over recent decades as well as 1808 Nikolay Rogalev et al. in the immediate future, development efforts in this area were and will be focused on improving thermal efficiency of the plant by boosting initial parameters of its working medium: main steam pressure and temperature as well as reheat steam temperature. Ultrasupercritical steam (with pressures ranging between 28 and 32 MPa and temperatures of 600 to 620°С) can be considered as a mature steam turbine generator technology, with plant efficiency factors of 45…46%. The transition to advanced ultrasupercritical steam (700 to 760°С, 35 to 40 MPa) is the next step in the development of coal-fired steam turbine power plant technology, one that makes efficiency of 50% attainable. This direction in the development of coal-fired power plant technology appears to be the most promising at present. State-of-the art developments in steam turbine power plant technology employing advanced ultrasupercritical (A-USC) steam with efficiency factors about 50% have been analyzed for the European Union, US, Japan and China. Covered in the paper are work programs and findings pertaining to development and studies of materials and structural members of high-temperature boiler sections and steam turbines, power plant designs with unit capacities up to 1100 MW, as well as economic and environmental aspects of A-USC steam power plant development. Information on project participants is provided.

High-Temperature Technologies of Electric Energy Production on Steam-Turbine Power Plants

“…A problem of materials and their processing technology is one of the main technical challenges of development of the USC units. The specific problems of materials for USC cover rotors of highpressure, medium-pressure (for turbines with double resuperheating) and medium-pressure hightemperature cylinders [3]. The main task is to ensure high creep-rupture properties with sufficient heat-resistance, fracture toughness, low-cycle fatigue strength, and manufacturability [4].…”

Stress analysis of the discs of axial-flow microturbines

“…It seems that many problems of today's power engineering can be solved by replacing big conventional power units with distributed energy systems [1][2][3][4], which can use alternative energy sources or low-temperature heat which is readily available, contrary to the heat used in high-power power plants; for example, in the most efficient ultra-supercritical power plants [5]. An ORC (organic Rankine cycle) system is one of the technologies that have gained in popularity over recent years [6][7][8].…”

Thermodynamic modeling of microalgae oil extraction using supercritical fluids

“…In recent years, research on the biofuels production from renewable sources [1,2,3] has increased considerably due to depletability and severe environmental stress posed by fuel resources [4] and the importance of improvement general efficiency [5]. Third-generation biofuels are also called advanced biofuels because of raw materials and the technological processes used for their production [6,7,8].…”