A survey of spatially distributed exterior dust lead loadings in New York City

Caravanos, Jack; Weiss, Arlene L.; Blaise, Marc J.; Jaeger, Rudolph J.

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2005.05.001

Cited by 53 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Many of these sites possess elevated soil Pb levels resulting from specific industrial processes such as mining, milling, and/or smelting. Other sources of soil Pb contamination, prevalent in most urban environments, include historic use of leaded gas, Pb-based paints, incineration of contaminated materials, and various industries that utilize Pb, such as secondary smelters and battery cracking operations (Caravanos et al, 2006;U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 2006, 2012b.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amending Soils With Phosphate As Means To Mitigate Soil Lead Hazard: A Critical Review Of The State Of The Science

Scheckel

Diamond

Burgess

et al. 2013

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

128

179

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Ingested soil and surface dust may be important contributors to elevated blood lead (Pb) levels in children exposed to Pb contaminated environments. Mitigation strategies have typically focused on excavation and removal of the contaminated soil. However, this is not always feasible for addressing widely disseminated contamination in populated areas often encountered in urban environments. The rationale for amending soils with phosphate is that phosphate will promote formation of highly insoluble Pb species (e.g., pyromorphite minerals) in soil, which will remain insoluble after ingestion and, therefore, inaccessible to absorption mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Amending soil with phosphate might potentially be used in combination with other methods that reduce contact with or migration of contaminated soils, such as covering the soil with a green cap such as sod, clean soil with mulch, raised garden beds, or gravel. These remediation strategies may be less expensive and far less disruptive than excavation and removal of soil. This review evaluates evidence for efficacy of phosphate amendments for decreasing soil Pb bioavailability. Evidence is reviewed for (1) physical and chemical interactions of Pb and phosphate that would be expected to influence bioavailability, (2) effects of phosphate amendments on soil Pb bioaccessibility (i.e., predicted solubility of Pb in the GIT), and (3) results of bioavailability bioassays of amended soils conducted in humans and animal models. Practical implementation issues, such as criteria and methods for evaluating efficacy, and potential effects of phosphate on mobility and bioavailability of co-contaminants in soil are also discussed.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amending Soils With Phosphate As Means To Mitigate Soil Lead Hazard: A Critical Review Of The State Of The Science

Scheckel

Diamond

Burgess

et al. 2013

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

128

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Paint waste remains a pervasive problem in U.S. cities (Axe et al, 2009;Caravanos et al, 2006;Ferlauto, 1994;Mielke and Gonzales, 2008;Mielke et al, 2001;Townsend et al, 2004), and an increasing problem in the developing world where LBP is still manufactured and used (Adebamowo et al, 2007;Clark et al, 2006;Nduka et al, 2008). For example, of the 25 exterior paints studied in New Orleans (Mielke and Gonzales, 2008), only one sample revealed lead concentrations less than the HUD (2003) action level of 5000 mg kg −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…For example, of the 25 exterior paints studied in New Orleans (Mielke and Gonzales, 2008), only one sample revealed lead concentrations less than the HUD (2003) action level of 5000 mg kg −1 . Caravanos et al (2006) (U.S. EPA/HUD, 2003), bridge rehabilitation and other construction/demolition activities are potential sources for lead and may in part explain lead deposition in this area (Caravanos et al, 2006). In addition to Pb, other metals such as Cr, Ba, and Zn in paint are potential sources of pollution during rehabilitation as well (Mielke et al, 2001;Fjelsted and Christensen, 2007;Ojeda-Benítez et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal concentrations and distribution in paint waste generated during bridge rehabilitation in New York State

Shu

Axe

Jahan

et al. 2015

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Given the ubiquitous and complex nature of environmental lead, assigning an attributable risk to any one lead source and then estimating the extent of contribution of each potential source(s) of lead to elevated blood lead in a child is difficult and arduous. Numerous studies have attempted to determine source etiology of lead in various environmental compartments including soil (Hurst et al 1996;Mielke and Reagan 1998;Binns et al 2004;Harris and Davidson 2005;Rabinowitz 2005;Clark et al 2006), roadway grit (Al-Chalabi and Hawker 1997;Pagotto et al 2001;Harrison et al 2003;Lough et al 2005;Weiss et al 2006;Duzgoren-Aydin et al 2006a), dust (Hunt et al 1998;Farfel et al 2004;Laidlaw et al 2005;Caravanos et al 2006), and air samples (Flament et al 2002;Young et al 2002;Wang et al 2006). Some of the studies have used lead isotopic ratio analysis (IRA), total lead concentration measurements, statistical analysis such as principal component analysis, and geographical information systems (GIS) mapping to assess lead in the environment or a combination thereof.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Use and abuse of Pb-isotope fingerprinting technique and GIS mapping data to assess lead in environmental studies

Duzgoren-Aydin

Weiss²

2008

Environ Geochem Health

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The danger to health, especially of young children, from lead-bearing particulates in the surface environment is still a valid concern. Given the multifaceted uses of lead today as well as historically, the sources of lead must be investigated to distinguish the etiology of lead contamination on the environment. The lead isotope finger printing technique based on isotopic ratio analyses (IRA) is one of the methods used commonly for provenancing lead sources in environmental studies throughout the world. This technique, however, has some inherited shortcomings. Therefore, caution must be used in the interpretation of the results, as this technique can lead to overestimations as well as underestimations of the true source etiology/apportionment of lead in specific environments. This paper illustrates this with some examples. Data on geographical information systems (GIS) mapping in urban regions are also presented in this paper.

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A survey of spatially distributed exterior dust lead loadings in New York City

Cited by 53 publications

References 21 publications

Amending Soils With Phosphate As Means To Mitigate Soil Lead Hazard: A Critical Review Of The State Of The Science

Amending Soils With Phosphate As Means To Mitigate Soil Lead Hazard: A Critical Review Of The State Of The Science

Metal concentrations and distribution in paint waste generated during bridge rehabilitation in New York State

Use and abuse of Pb-isotope fingerprinting technique and GIS mapping data to assess lead in environmental studies

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