A Survey of Rotavirus Infection in the Tropics

Urasawa, Shozo; Urasawa, Tomoko; Yuwono, Djoko; Furuya, Koji; Akiba, Suminori; Kanamitsu, Masatsugu

doi:10.7883/yoken1952.34.293

“…In the present study a 54.2% infection rate was reported among children aged 0–1 year. This finding is in agreement with previous studies done in Jakarta and Medan, Indonesia [18], which showed a 53% rate of rotavirus in diarrheic patients who were 1 year of age or less. Another study in Bahrain showed that rotavirus was detected most frequently among the age group of 6–11 months [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In developing countries such as Indonesia, few studies to determine the incidence of viral‐related acute gastroenteritis have been reported [16,18]. Knowledge of the etiology of acute diarrhea associated mainly with viral‐related pathogens is relevant for planning diarrhea disease control strategies in Indonesia, which will be useful for future vaccine development in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Norwalk-like viruses, rotavirus and adenovirus infection in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Jakarta, Indonesia

Subekti¹,

Lesmana²,

Tjaniadi³

et al. 2002

FEMS Immunology &Amp; Medical Microbiology

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Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs), rotavirus and adenovirus are reportedly responsible from 4 to 42% of non-bacterial acute sporadic gastroenteritis. The incidence of NLVs, adenovirus and rotavirus infections in Indonesia is unclear. A total of 402 symptomatic cases from Indonesian patients with acute gastroenteritis and 102 asymptomatic controls that tested negative for bacteria and parasites were screened for the presence of NLVs, rotavirus and adenovirus using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Rotaclone kits and Adenoclone kits. Specific prototype probes were used to ascertain which NLV prototypes were present in the area. NLVs were detected in 45/218 (21%), rotavirus was detected in 170/402 (42%) and adenovirus was detected in 11/273 (4%) samples examined. Genetic analysis of the RT-PCR products using specific prototype probes for NLVs indicated that the prototypes were 42% Taunton agent and 58% Hawaii/Snow Mountain agent. Comparative data on patients showed that the incidence of rotavirus infections was two times greater than the NLVs infections, and that adenovirus infections were the least prevalent. All of the control samples tested were negative for NLVs and adenoviruses, however 8/70 (11%) of the samples were positive for rotaviruses. The high incidence of enteric viral-related infections is a threat among acute diarrheic patients in Jakarta, Indonesia.

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“…In the present study a 54.2% infection rate was reported among children aged 0^1 year. This ¢nding is in agreement with previous studies done in Jakarta and Medan, Indonesia [18], which showed a 53% rate of rotavirus in diarrheic patients who were 1 year of age or less. Another study in Bahrain showed that rotavirus was detected most frequently among the age group of 6^11 months [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In developing countries such as Indonesia, few studies to determine the incidence of viral-related acute gastroenteritis have been reported [16,18]. Knowledge of the etiology of acute diarrhea associated mainly with viral-related pathogens is relevant for planning diarrhea disease control strategies in Indonesia, which will be useful for future vaccine development in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Norwalk-like viruses, rotavirus and adenovirus infection in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Jakarta, Indonesia

Subekti¹

2002

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs), rotavirus and adenovirus are reportedly responsible from 4 to 42% of non-bacterial acute sporadic gastroenteritis. The incidence of NLVs, adenovirus and rotavirus infections in Indonesia is unclear. A total of 402 symptomatic cases from Indonesian patients with acute gastroenteritis and 102 asymptomatic controls that tested negative for bacteria and parasites were screened for the presence of NLVs, rotavirus and adenovirus using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Rotaclone kits and Adenoclone kits. Specific prototype probes were used to ascertain which NLV prototypes were present in the area. NLVs were detected in 45/218 (21%), rotavirus was detected in 170/402 (42%) and adenovirus was detected in 11/273 (4%) samples examined. Genetic analysis of the RT-PCR products using specific prototype probes for NLVs indicated that the prototypes were 42% Taunton agent and 58% Hawaii/Snow Mountain agent. Comparative data on patients showed that the incidence of rotavirus infections was two times greater than the NLVs infections, and that adenovirus infections were the least prevalent. All of the control samples tested were negative for NLVs and adenoviruses, however 8/70 (11%) of the samples were positive for rotaviruses. The high incidence of enteric viral-related infections is a threat among acute diarrheic patients in Jakarta, Indonesia.

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“…In one study carried out in South Africa (7) the rate of rotavirus detection in infantile gastroenteritis was 6%190/0. A survey from the tropics (20) showed a rate of rotavirus detection of 45%. In temperate zones the number of rotavirus gastroenteritis cases peaks sharply in the winter season, while apart from reports of some peaking in the dry seasons, outbreaks seem to be more evenly distributed throughout the year in the tropics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus infection in Tanzania: a virological, epidemiological and clinical study among young children

Sam

¹

,

Haukenes

²

,

Szilvay

³

et al. 1992

APMIS

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A. M. & Mhalu, F. Rotavirus infection in Tanzania: a virological, epidemiological and clinical study among young children. APMIS 100: 790-796, 1992. Rotavirus infection in the Dar es Salaam area of Tanzania was studied in 99 hospitalized children with acute diarrhoea and 99 hospitalized non-diarrhoea referents matched for sex and age. Of the diarrhoea cases 43.4% had rotavirus in the stools as opposed to 15.2% of the referents. The high carrier rate among the referents represents a serious risk of nosocomial transmission. More referents than cases had serum IgG antibodies to rotavirus, 52.5% and 35.4%, respectively (P < 0.02), while there was no correlation with serum IgM and IgA or faecal IgA antibodies. The latex agglutination test had a sensitivity comparable to that of electron microscopy (100%) and a specificity of 93.8%. The Slidex test appeared to be superior to the Rotalex test in that it gives very few false-positive reactions. The SDS-PAGE patterns of 11 RNA segments were compatible with the presence of group A strains with considerable heterogeneity among the strains. Symptoms and signs and some environmental data were recorded. None of them was clearly associated with rotavirus infection among the diarrhoea cases. It is concluded that rotavirus is a major cause of acute infectious diarrhoea in Tanzania.

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A Survey of Rotavirus Infection in the Tropics

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Incidence of Norwalk-like viruses, rotavirus and adenovirus infection in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Jakarta, Indonesia

Incidence of Norwalk-like viruses, rotavirus and adenovirus infection in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Jakarta, Indonesia

Incidence of Norwalk-like viruses, rotavirus and adenovirus infection in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Jakarta, Indonesia

Rotavirus infection in Tanzania: a virological, epidemiological and clinical study among young children

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