A Survey of Multicast Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Farooq, Waqar; Khan, Muazzam A.; Rehman, Saad; Saqib, Nazar Abbas

doi:10.1155/2015/923086

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Direct routing roots in the linking of two vehicular nodes which reside in the radio communication range of each other, whereas indirect communication is formed by a set of sequential and logical direct paths amongst the vehicular nodes. The routing protocols are classified into various categories according to different parameters such as network architecture, protocol proactively and operation [12]. Figure 1 shows the classifications of VANET routing.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACR : A Cluster Based Routing Protocol for VANET

Ardakani¹

2018

IJWMN

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACR : A Cluster Based Routing Protocol for VANET

Ardakani¹

2018

IJWMN

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“…In addition, the transmission delay rises in congested traffic due to increase in the number of multicast groups. In [10,20], the author developed cached geocast in which the tables are constructed to maintain the record of neighboring nodes which increases the overall transmission overhead. Moreover, this approach requires extra processing time to maintain the cache record.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VCF is further subdivided to form stable clusters as shown in Figure 2. There are only two cluster based routing protocols developed for VANET multicast communication till date [10]. However, these protocols are incapable of forming stable clusters within highly dynamic scenario like VANET [16,17].…”

Section: Vanet Hierarchical Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The network partition occurs due to high mobility of vehicles which causes network disconnections. Besides this, the network load and delay increase in dense and congested traffic [10][11][12]. Hence, the most challenging task in VANET is to develop a scheme in which the vehicles can organize and arrange themselves dynamically to achieve efficient and real time communication for passenger's safety while travelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Real Time Framework for Cluster Based Multicast Communication in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Farooq

Khan

Rehman

2016

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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In a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), the vehicles communicate with each other to develop an intelligent transport system (ITS) which provides safety and convenience while driving. The major challenge of VANET is that the topology changes dynamically due to the high speed and unpredictable mobility of vehicles resulting in an inefficient real time message dissemination, especially in emergency scenarios such as in the accident event where it can cause high level of destruction. To the best of our knowledge, there is no such mechanism in existing literature which can handle real time multicast communication in VANET for both urban and highway scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel real time vehicular communication (RTVC) framework which consists of a VANET cluster scheme (VCS) and VANET multicast routing (VMR) to achieve efficient vehicle communication within both urban and highway scenarios. The RTVC framework develops stable communication links and achieves high throughput with low overhead despite high mobility by combining the multicast routing with a unique cluster based scheme. In VCS, the cluster head (CH) is elected upon cluster threshold value (CTV) to disseminate the messages within the cluster members (CMs) and to other cluster heads by intercluster communication, which reduces the network overhead. In addition, the vehicles cluster head election (VCHE) procedure is proposed to reduce the number of CHs and CMs switches which results in lower overhead of maintaining the clusters. Moreover, another novelty of the framework is that the CTV of VCHE can be adjusted by speed adjustment factor (SAF) to achieve the desired cluster stability depending upon the required VANET application. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed framework has achieved the goal of stable, efficient, and real time communication despite highly dynamic environment of VANET.

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“…Some of these position-based routing protocols use a fixed route to transfer data from source to destination while the others just "push" the data towards the destination [8][9].…”

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confidence: 99%

A Direction-Based Make-Before-Break Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Hassan¹,

Awan²,

Qureshi³

2016

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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In this paper, we present a novel "Make-Before-Break" routing protocol for VANETs (Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks) which brings stability in route even if it contains some nodes moving opposite to the rest. Few of the existing routing protocols contain the mechanism to prevent route disruption caused by link breakages between oppositely moving nodes in a partitioned network. In our protocol, a node does not forward a RREQ (Route Request) received from a node moving in opposite direction unless a special request is made by that node in RREQ packet. The node which accepts this special request and forwards the RREQ, despite moving opposite to the previous node is called complier node. The complier node adds its information in the RREQ packet. On receiving RREQ, the destination knows that complier node is moving towards some successive nodes in the routing path. Through the RREP (Route Reply), it informs those nodes about the complier node. Each of these successive nodes waits for the approaching complier node. When it comes near, each establishes connection with the complier node on its turn. Thus the route from source to destination is maintained. The proposed protocol achieves packet delivery ratio of 85% under very large speed variation condition among vehicles' speed.

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A Survey of Multicast Routing Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Cited by 38 publications

References 20 publications

ACR : A Cluster Based Routing Protocol for VANET

ACR : A Cluster Based Routing Protocol for VANET

A Novel Real Time Framework for Cluster Based Multicast Communication in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

A Direction-Based Make-Before-Break Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

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