A survey of lead pollution in Chhattisgarh State, central India

Patel, Khageshwar Singh; Shrivas, Kamlesh; Hoffmann, P.; Jakubowski, Norbert

doi:10.1007/s10653-005-9006-0

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Pb in air, water, and soil can enter the human body by direct contact or through the food chain. Atmospheric deposition has been identified as an important source of Pb in other environmental matrices (Patel et al 2006;Nabulo et al 2006;Komarek et al 2008). Atmospheric deposition is a major pathway for Pb transportation (Laidlaw et al 2005;Rosman et al 1997;Bindler et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human health risk assessment of lead pollution in atmospheric deposition in Baoshan District, Shanghai

Chen

Wang

Shi

et al. 2011

Environ Geochem Health

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The lead (Pb) content in atmospheric deposition was determined at 42 sampling sites in Baoshan District of Shanghai, China. Based on exposure and dose-response assessments, the health risk caused by Pb exposure in atmospheric deposition was investigated. The results indicated that Pb was significantly accumulated in atmospheric deposition. The spatial distribution of Pb was mapped by geostatistical analysis, and the results showed that pollution hotspots were present at traffic and industrial zones. Ingestion was the main route of Pb exposure in both adults and children. For children the risk value was above 1, whereas it was below 1 for the adult group. Therefore, children belong to the high-risk group for Pb exposure from atmospheric deposition in the observed area of Shanghai, China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human health risk assessment of lead pollution in atmospheric deposition in Baoshan District, Shanghai

Chen

Wang

Shi

et al. 2011

Environ Geochem Health

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“…With the rapid development of industrial production in recent decades, anthropogenic activities such as mining, smelting, electroplating, orerefining, land disposal of wastes and irrigating with sewage have led to increasing heavy metal contents in soil (Patel et al 2006;Moussa et al 2006) and pollution problems induced by heavy metals are becoming prominent . According to Zhou (2003), the area of agricultural land polluted by heavy metals such as Cd, Pb, As, Cu, and Zn has reached 2.00 · 10 7 ha, and concentrations of heavy metals in more than 1.00 · 10 7 tons of foodstuffs have annually exceeded their national food-safety standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between cadmium, lead and potassium fertilizer (K2SO4) in a soil-plant system

Sun

et al. 2007

Environ Geochem Health

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A pot experiment was conducted to examine the influence of potassium (K) fertilizer (K(2)SO(4)) application on the phytoavailability and speciation distribution of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in soil. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was selected as the test plant. There were seven treatments including single and combined contamination of Cd and Pb. CdCl(2).2.5 H(2)O and Pb(NO(3))(2) were added to the soil at the following dosages: Cd + Pb = 0.00 + 0.00, 5.00 + 0.00, 25.0 + 0.00, 0.00 + 500, 0.00 + 1000, 5.00 + 500 and 25.0 + 1000 mg kg(-1), denoted by CK, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively. The K fertilizer had five levels: 0.00, 50.0, 100, 200 and 400 mg K(2)O kg(-1) soil, denoted by K0, K1, K2, K3 and K4, respectively. The results showed that the K fertilizer promoted the dry weight (DW) of wheat in all treatments and alleviated the contamination by Cd and Pb. The application of K(2)SO(4) reduced the uptake of Cd in different parts including roots, haulms and grains of wheat; the optimum dosage was the K2 level. K supply resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the soluble plus exchangeable (SE) fraction of Cd and there was a negative correlation (not significant, P > 0.05) between the levels of K and the SE fraction of Cd in soil. The application of the K fertilizer could obviously restrain the uptake of Pb by wheat and there were significant (P < 0.05) negative correlations between the concentrations of Pb in grains and the levels of K in soil. K supply resulted in a decrease in the SE fraction of Pb (except the K1 level) from the K0 to K4 levels. At the same time, the application of the K fertilizer induced a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the weakly specifically adsorbed (WSA) fraction of Pb and a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the bound to Fe-Mn oxides (OX) fraction of Pb. At different K levels, the concentration of Pb in the roots, haulms and grains had a positive correlation with the SE (not significant, P > 0.05) and WSA (significant, P < 0.05) fractions of Pb in the soil. All the K application levels in this experiment reduced the phytoavailability of Cd and Pb. Thus, it is feasible to apply K fertilizer (K(2)SO(4)) to alleviate contamination by Cd and/or Pb in soil. Moreover, the level of K application should be considered to obtain an optimal effect with the minimum dosage.

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“…Although the average concentration of Pb in the Earth's crust is around 13 μg L −1 , the use of Pb as a fuel additive and in various industrial processes, combined with the effects of mining and the combustion of coal, has led to the bioaccumulation of this metal in topsoils and aquatic ecosystems. The reported total Pb concentration in stagnant surface water ranges from 6 to 1,410 μg L −1 [1]. The toxic effects of Pb have been widely documented for organisms including algae and the environment [2,3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Exposure of Dunaliella tertiolecta to Lead and Aluminum: Toxicity and Effects on Ultrastructure

Saçan

Öztay

Bolkent

2007

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The growth response of the marine alga Dunaliella tertiolecta to different concentrations of lead and aluminum was investigated. Both metals had a stimulatory effect at low concentration and an inhibitory effect at high concentration (hormesis). The IC25 values of lead are 8.43, 7.29, and 6.74 mg L-1 for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. The corresponding values for aluminum are 30.54, 22.42, and 18.16 mg L-1. Although it seems that the two metals are not directly toxic to the alga at the concentrations found in the environment, as implied by the IC25 values and the environmental concentrations of the metals, low concentrations of both metals, alone and in combination, affected the ultrastructure. The growth of batch-grown cells exposed to 0.5 mg L-1 lead and aluminum, alone and combined, during the 24-h exponential phase was investigated. The same cells were also examined under an electron microscope to determine the biological effects of the two metals on the ultrastructure. The most obvious effects of lead were disrupted thylakoidal membranes, accumulated polyphosphate bodies and vacuoles, and lead precipitates on the cell surface. These ultrastructural alterations were partially present in aluminum-treated and lead-aluminum-treated cells. In joint exposure, the most important change was the lysis of the cell membrane. Aluminum and lead seem to act synergistically on the cell membrane leading to cell membrane lysis.

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A survey of lead pollution in Chhattisgarh State, central India

Cited by 40 publications

References 11 publications

Human health risk assessment of lead pollution in atmospheric deposition in Baoshan District, Shanghai

Human health risk assessment of lead pollution in atmospheric deposition in Baoshan District, Shanghai

Interaction between cadmium, lead and potassium fertilizer (K2SO4) in a soil-plant system

Exposure of Dunaliella tertiolecta to Lead and Aluminum: Toxicity and Effects on Ultrastructure

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