A survey of animal poisonings in New Zealand veterinary practices: perceptions of incidence and frequency of poisoning cases

Lizarraga, Ignacio; Parton, K

doi:10.1080/00480169.2021.1936684

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Where Np is the number of informants who claimed about plant poisoning responsible for a particular ailment in livestock, and N is the number of informants who experienced plant poisoning that caused symptoms or sign of disease in their livestock [ 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

et al. 2022

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Poisonous plants cause tremendous economic losses to the livestock industry. These economic losses are deterioration in their health, decreased productivity, deformed offspring, and reduced longevity. The current study is the first comprehensive report on poisonous plants of Azad Jammu and Kashmir which systematically documents the phytotoxicological effect and mode of action in livestock. The information was gathered from 271 informants including 167 men and 104 women through semi-structured interviews and literature search through available databases. The data collected through interviews was analyzed with quantitative tools viz. the factor informant consensus and fidelity level. A total of 38 species of flowering plants belonging to 23 families and 38 genera were reported. Family Asteraceae (5 spp) was the most dominant, followed by Solanaceae (4 spp), Fabaceae (4 spp), Euphorbiaceae (4 spp) and Convolvulaceae (3 spp). Among all the species collected, herbs were the dominant life form (22 spp, 57.89%), trailed by shrubs (11 spp, 28.95%), and trees (5 spp, 13.16%). Whole plant toxicity was reported to be the highest (15 spp, 39.47%), followed by leaf toxicity (12 spp, 31.58%), seed toxicity (4 spp, 7.89%), fruit toxicity (3 spp, 10.53%), latex toxicity (2 spp, 5.26%), flowers toxicity (1 spp, 2.63%), and berries toxicity (1 spp, 2.63%). The most toxic route of administration was found oral (39 spp, 40.63%), followed by intraperitoneal (24 spp, 25%), and intravenous (21 spp, 21.88%). The most commonly affected organ was found liver (20.41%), followed by gastrointestinal tract (20.341%), CNS (16.33%), skin (14.29%), kidneys (12.24%), lungs (4.04%), reproductive organs (2.04%), spleen (1.75%), blood (1.75%), heart (1.75%), urinary tract (1.75%), and pancreas (1.75%). The maximum Fic value was found for dermatological disorders (0.91), followed by the endocrine system (0.90), gastrointestinal (0.82), neurology (0.77), nephrology (0.67), cardiovascular (0.67), urinary (0.67), respiratory (0.60), sexual (0.60) disorders. Senecio vulgaris, and Ageratum conyzoides were the most important plants with fidelity level (0.95) and (0.87). Nerium oleander, Lantana camara, Leucaena leucocephala, and Ricinus communis were the important poisonous plant with maximum fidelity level (100%). Ricinus communis with reported lowest LD50 (<20 mg/kg) was the top-ranked poisonous plant followed by Lantana camara and Justicia adhatoda (25–50 mg/kg), Nerium Oleander (157.37 mg/kg), and Datura innoxia (400 mg/kg). We found that knowledge about poisonous plants is less prevailing in the rural areas of Azad Kashmir compared to the knowledge about medicinal plants and poisonous nature of reported plants is due to production of toxic substances and presence of essential oils.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

et al. 2022

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“…Due to their high toxicity, several restrictions have been applied to many compounds that are currently banned or severely restricted in the EU. However, these are not the only compounds intentionally used for the purpose of killing animals, and there is growing evidence that veterinary drugs and chemicals other than agricultural pesticides are being used for this purpose [31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Animal Poisonings in the Canary Islands (Spain) during the Period 2014–2021

Rial-Berriel

Acosta-Dacal

Zumbado

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Animal poisoning is one of the greatest conservation threats facing wildlife. In a preliminary study in the oceanic archipelago of the Canary Islands, we showed that the degree of threat from this circumstance was very high-even higher than that reported in other regions of continental Europe. Consequently, a legal framework for the effective prosecution of the crime of wildlife poisoning came into force in 2014 in this region. We present the results of the investigation of 961 animals and 84 baits sent to our laboratory for the diagnosis of animal poisonings during the period 2014–2021. We were able to identify poison as the cause of death in 251 animals and 61 baits. Carbofuran stands out as the main agent used in this archipelago. We have also detected an increasing tendency to use mixtures of several pesticides in the preparation of baits. The entry into operation of two canine patrols has led to the detection of more dead animals in the wild and a greater number of poisoned animals. The percentage of poison positives is significantly higher in areas with lower population density, corresponding to rural environments, as well as in areas with greater agricultural and livestock activity.

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A survey of animal poisonings in New Zealand veterinary practices: perceptions of incidence and frequency of poisoning cases

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

Phytotoxicological study of selected poisonous plants from Azad Jammu & Kashmir

Epidemiology of Animal Poisonings in the Canary Islands (Spain) during the Period 2014–2021

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