A Survey of Adaptive Gateway Discovery Mechanisms in Heterogeneous Networks

Zaman, Rafi U; Khan, Khaleel Ur Rahman; Reddy, A. Venugopal

doi:10.5815/ijcnis.2013.07.04

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is important to note that, the TTL value as well as the sending frequency of the GWADV messages may have a high impact in the overhead and the overall network performance [4,20]. Therefore, these parameters should be dynamically adapted depending on the networks conditions.…”

Section: Gateway Discovery Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [4,14] have studied the problem of the adjustment of the proactive range and the advertisement frequency, respectively. Their findings suggest a dynamic adaptation of these parameters according to networks conditions, such as the mobility of nodes, the position and number of mobile nodes.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interoperability in heterogeneous networks, i.e, between ad hoc networks and other kinds of networks, such as cellular networks or wired networks, has an increasing attention. Several approaches have been proposed to achieve this interconnection [4,5]. Basically, routes between wireless ad hoc networks and infrastructure-based networks are established through network devices (named, Gateways) that understand not only the IP stack protocol, but also the MANET protocol suite (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A hybrid gateway discovery algorithm for supporting QoS communications in heterogeneous networks

Castellanos

Guerri

Osorio

2015

Rev. Fac. Ing. Antioquia

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ABSTRACT:In most practical applications, ad hoc mobile devices demand the access to wired hosts located beyond the limits of the mobile ad hoc network, forming a heterogeneous wired-cum-wireless network. This interconnection requires a network device known as gateway. The gateway functions as a bridge between the ad hoc environment and infrastructure-based networks, as Internet. We propose in this paper an algorithm for the discovery and selection of gateways and its integration in a routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. Our proposed algorithm is based on an adaptive hybrid strategy where the proactive and reactive methods are combined. Consequently, gateways maintain routing information sending advertisement messages to mobile nodes inside a limited range (proactive area). Those nodes located outside that area must execute a reactive gateway discovery process. The size of the proactive area and the frequency of the control messages are dynamically adapted. The simulation results show that our approach achieves better results in terms of packet loss and delay without increasing the routing overhead. RESUMEN:En la mayoría de las aplicaciones, los dispositivos móviles ad hoc necesitan tener acceso a dispositivos de red ubicados más allá de los límites de la red móvil ad hoc. Tal como puede ser el caso de servidores ubicados en Internet. Esta interconexión entre redes cableadas e inalámbricas (redes heterogéneas) requiere de un dispositivo de red conocido como Gateway (Pasarela). La principal función de un Gateway es servir de interfaz entre las redes ad hoc y las redes cableadas (por ejemplo, Internet). En este artículo se propone un algoritmo para la búsqueda de Gateways dentro de la red y el establecimiento de rutas hacia estos. El algoritmo desarrollado sigue una estrategia híbrida y adaptativa, es decir, se combinan los métodos de enrutamiento proactivos y reactivos. En consecuencia, los Gateways mantienen la información de las rutas por medio del envío periódico de mensajes de control a los nodos móviles dentro de un rango limitado (área proactiva). Aquellos nodos situados por fuera de dicha zona, deben ejecutar un proceso de búsqueda reactiva de Gateways. El tamaño de la zona proactiva y la frecuencia de los mensajes de control se adaptan dinámicamente. Para su aplicación práctica, el algoritmo desarrollado ha sido integrado dentro un protocolo de enrutamiento para redes móviles ad hoc. Los resultados de las simulaciones muestran que la solución planteada logra mejores resultados en términos del porcentaje de paquetes perdidos y del retardo sin aumentar la sobrecarga debida a los paquetes de control.

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Section: Gateway Discovery Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A hybrid gateway discovery algorithm for supporting QoS communications in heterogeneous networks

Castellanos

Guerri

Osorio

2015

Rev. Fac. Ing. Antioquia

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“…In [10], dynamic adjustment of TTL and periodicity of GWADV messages is proposed, based on fuzzy logic. Adaptive gateway discovery mechanisms have been proposed which perform the task of gateway discovery efficiently [9]. As stated in section 1, in [13] GWADV periodicity was adjusted using the metrics Number of Nodes (NN), Average Hops (AH) and Aggregate Interface Queue Length (AIQL) as parameters to the Mamdani Fuzzy Control Architecture [11].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several Gateway discovery mechanism like proactive, reactive and hybrid [6] are defined in the literature. A hybrid Gateway discovery mechanism which adapts its parameters according to the changing networking conditions is called Adaptive Gateway discovery [9]. In addition to Gateway discovery, load balancing of traffic across the available Gateways [4] is also a critical issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Adaptive Load Balanced Gateway Discovery Protocol in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET

Zaman¹,

Khan²,

Reddy

2017

Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol.

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Abstract-IntegratedInternet-MANET is a heterogeneous networking architecture which is the result of interconnecting wired Internet and wireless MANET. Multiprotocol gateways are used to achieve this interconnection. There are two types of Integrated Internet-MANET architectures, two-tier and three-tier. A combination of two-tier and three tier architectures also exists, called the Hybrid Framework or Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET. Some of the most important issues common to all Integrated Internet-MANET architectures are: efficient gateway discovery, mobile node registration and gateway load balancing. Adaptive WLB-AODV is an existing protocol which addresses the issues of Gateway load balancing and efficient Gateway discovery. In this paper, an improvement is proposed to Adaptive WLB-AODV, called Adaptive Modified-WLV-AODV by taking into account route latency. The proposed protocol has been implemented in Hybrid Integrated Internet-MANET and has been simulated using network simulation tool ns-2. Based on the simulation results, it is observed that the proposed protocol delivers better performance than the existing protocol in terms of performance metrics end-to-end delay and packet loss ratio. The performance of the proposed protocol is further optimized using a genetic algorithm.

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