A survey for phylogenetic relationship; presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance patterns of avian pathogenic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from poultry and humans in Yazd, Iran

Bakhshi, Mansoureh; Zandi, Hengameh; Bafghi, Mehdi Fatahi; Astani, Akram; Ranjbar, Vahid; Vakili, Mahmood

doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100725

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Jahantigh et al 22 In Sistan and Baluchestan province had the highest resistance of E. coli isolated from broiler herds with infected with colibacillosis against tetracycline (95.0%) and ciprofloxacin (88.3%), co-trimoxazole (86.7%) , lincospectin (52.5%) and gentamicin (21.7%) and also the prevalence of tetA, tetB, tetC and tetD genes of tetracycline resistance among 60 isolates were 96.7%, 38.3%,7.731% and 8.30%, respectively. Bakhshi et al 23 In Yazd also reported the highest resistance to nalidixic acid (100%) and ciprofloxacin (86%) and the highest sensitivity to colistin (100%) and gentamicin (93%). Joshi et al 8 reported that in 20 E. coli isolates collected from laying flocks involved with colibacillosis in India, the highest antibiotic resistance to cephalexin (73.68%) and the lowest was related to chloramphenicol (0%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated From Broiler Chickens With Colibacillosis in Ardabil Province, Iran

Azizpour

Ghazaei

2020

Int J Basic Sci Med

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Introduction: Colibacillosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases of birds that is caused by Escherichia coli. This disease causes considerable economic damage to the poultry industry every year. Various antimicrobial agents are used to reduce the damage caused by this infection. But in recent decades, the increased use of antibiotics has led to the development of resistant genes and, consequently increasing antibiotic resistance of bacteria, leading to a decrease in the efficacy of antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility and drug resistance of 178 isolates of 40 chicken flocks in Ardabil province northwest of Iran. Methods: Five carcasses were randomly selected from each flocks with colibacillosis and sampled from liver and heart using sterile swabs. After culture and isolation, colonies were identified by biochemical and serological methods. Antibiotic resistance of all isolates to 19 antibiotics was determined using disk diffusion method based on CLSI guidelines. Results: Of 200 samples, 178 (89%) were isolated, and 22 (11%) did not grow. In this study the highest antibiotic resistance was observed against flumequine (98.31%), nalidixic acid (97.25%), tylosin (97.20%), oxytetracycline (97.20%), chlortetracycline (95.50%), difloxacin (89.32%), doxycycline (81.47%), enrofloxacin (77.53%), sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (71.91%), and the lowest antibiotic resistance was recorded for Linco-Spectin (36.52%), chloramphenicol (22.47%), gentamycin (7.30%), fuzbac (5.05%) and ceftriaxone (3.93%). All isolates were highly sensitive to ceftazidime. Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high level of resistance to antibiotics commonly used in poultry industry, which is probably due to improper use of antibiotics in poultries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated From Broiler Chickens With Colibacillosis in Ardabil Province, Iran

Azizpour

Ghazaei

2020

Int J Basic Sci Med

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“…Similarly, hlyF (hemolysin), iutA (iron uptake), and ompT (outer membrane protease) genes present on some of the bla CTX-M -IncF plasmids are very commonly found in avian pathogenic E. coli ( 75 ). iucC (aerobactin synthesis), iutA , and ompT genes also play key roles in the pathogenesis of severe extraintestinal infections in humans ( 76 – 78 ). The presence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance genes on epidemic IncF plasmids have previously contributed to global domination of E. coli ST131 clones ( 30 ) and can potentially aid in the successful dissemination of emerging E. coli lineages identified in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diseased Pigs in the United States

Hayer

Lim

Hong

et al. 2020

mSphere

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Fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins are critically important antimicrobial classes for both human and veterinary medicine. We previously found a drastic increase in enrofloxacin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli isolates collected from diseased pigs from the United States over 10 years (2006 to 2016). However, the genetic determinants responsible for this increase have yet to be determined. The aim of the present study was to identify and characterize the genetic basis of resistance against fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin) and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ceftiofur) in swine E. coli isolates using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). blaCMY-2 (carried by IncA/C2, IncI1, and IncI2 plasmids), blaCTX-M (carried by IncF, IncHI2, and IncN plasmids), and blaSHV-12 (carried by IncHI2 plasmids) genes were present in 87 (82.1%), 19 (17.9%), and 3 (2.83%) of the 106 ceftiofur-resistant isolates, respectively. Of the 110 enrofloxacin-resistant isolates, 90 (81.8%) had chromosomal mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parA, and parC genes. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes [qnrB77, qnrB2, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aac-(6)-lb′-cr] borne on ColE, IncQ2, IncN, IncF, and IncHI2 plasmids were present in 24 (21.8%) of the enrofloxacin-resistant isolates. Virulent IncF plasmids present in swine E. coli isolates were highly similar to epidemic plasmids identified globally. High-risk E. coli clones, such as ST744, ST457, ST131, ST69, ST10, ST73, ST410, ST12, ST127, ST167, ST58, ST88, ST617, ST23, etc., were also found in the U.S. swine population. Additionally, the colistin resistance gene (mcr-9) was present in several isolates. This study adds valuable information regarding resistance to critical antimicrobials with implications for both animal and human health. IMPORTANCE Understanding the genetic mechanisms conferring resistance is critical to design informed control and preventive measures, particularly when involving critically important antimicrobial classes such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. The genetic determinants of extended-spectrum cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance were highly diverse, with multiple plasmids, insertion sequences, and genes playing key roles in mediating resistance in swine Escherichia coli. Plasmids assembled in this study are known to be disseminated globally in both human and animal populations and environmental samples, and E. coli in pigs might be part of a global reservoir of key antimicrobial resistance (AMR) elements. Virulent plasmids found in this study have been shown to confer fitness advantages to pathogenic E. coli strains. The presence of international, high-risk zoonotic clones provides worrisome evidence that resistance in swine isolates may have indirect public health implications, and the swine population as a reservoir for these high-risk clones should be continuously monitored.

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“…The sitA virulence vector (prevents unproductive conjugation) was recorded in all of the animal samples from 2014 and 2018; sitA was applied as an excellent genetic marker for the identification of avian pathogenic E. coli , considering their significantly difference in the expression on pathogenic vs. non-pathogenic strains ( Schouler et al, 2012 ). In addition, this gene was frequently detected in highly-pathogenic extra-intestinal E. coli (ExPEC) isolates worldwide ( Bakhshi et al, 2020 ). In the E. coli isolates from environmental and food/feed samples, the lpfA gene (long polar fimbriae associated with adherence) was detected with considerable frequency (71 and 86% of the analyzed genomes) in comparison with isolates from human and animal origin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic insights of mcr-1 harboring Escherichia coli by geographical region and a One-Health perspective

Calero-Cáceres

Rodríguez²,

Medina³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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The importance of the One Health concept in attempting to deal with the increasing levels of multidrug-resistant bacteria in both human and animal health is a challenge for the scientific community, policymakers, and the industry. The discovery of the plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance (mcr) in 2015 poses a significant threat because of the ability of these plasmids to move between different bacterial species through horizontal gene transfer. In light of these findings, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that countries implement surveillance strategies to detect the presence of plasmid-mediated colistin-resistant microorganisms and take suitable measures to control and prevent their dissemination. Seven years later, ten different variants of the mcr gene (mcr-1 to mcr-10) have been detected worldwide in bacteria isolated from humans, animals, foods, the environment, and farms. However, the possible transmission mechanisms of the mcr gene among isolates from different geographical origins and sources are largely unknown. This article presents an analysis of whole-genome sequences of Escherichia coli that harbor mcr-1 gene from different origins (human, animal, food, or environment) and geographical location, to identify specific patterns related to virulence genes, plasmid content and antibiotic resistance genes, as well as their phylogeny and their distribution with their origin. In general, E. coli isolates that harbor mcr-1 showed a wide plethora of ARGs. Regarding the plasmid content, the highest concentration of plasmids was found in animal samples. In turn, Asia was the continent that led with the largest diversity and occurrence of these plasmids. Finally, about virulence genes, terC, gad, and traT represent the most frequent virulence genes detected. These findings highlight the relevance of analyzing the environmental settings as an integrative part of the surveillance programs to understand the origins and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.

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A survey for phylogenetic relationship; presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance patterns of avian pathogenic and uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from poultry and humans in Yazd, Iran

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated From Broiler Chickens With Colibacillosis in Ardabil Province, Iran

Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolated From Broiler Chickens With Colibacillosis in Ardabil Province, Iran

Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diseased Pigs in the United States

Genomic insights of mcr-1 harboring Escherichia coli by geographical region and a One-Health perspective

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