A survey and comparison on overlay‐underlay mapping techniques in peer‐to‐peer overlay networks

Abstract

Peer-to-peer (P2P) overlay networks were developed initially for file sharing such as Napster and Gnutella; but later, they have become popular for content sharing, media streaming, telephony applications, etc. Underlay-unawareness in P2P systems can result in suboptimal peer selection for overlay routing and hence poor performance. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of the research work carried out to solve the overlay-underlay mapping problems up till now. The majority of underlay-aware proposals for peer selection focus on finding the shortest overlay routes by selecting nearest nodes according to proximity information. Another class of approaches is based on passive or active probing for provision of underlay information to P2P applications. Some other optimizations propose use of P2P middleware to extract, process, and refine underlay information and provide it to P2P overlay applications.Another class of approaches strive to use ISPs or third parties to provide underlay information to P2P overlay applications according to their requirements. We have made a state-of-the-art review and comparison for addressing the overlay-underlay mismatch in terms of their operation, merits, limitations, and future directions.

Robust and Fast Converging Cross-Layer Failure Correction in Segment-Routed Networks

“…A lot of previous work proved that for users, network-level routing configuration cannot meet everyone's requirements for network performance [20], but when all users selfishly choose routing paths based on their own needs, the network will suffer serious performance degradation. In order to better meet the needs of users and ensure the overall performance of the network, there has been a lot of work on cross-layer optimization in recent years [7]. Xiao et al [21] analyzed the interaction of overlays and underlays as a twostage congestion game and recommended simple operational guidelines to ensure global stability.…”

“…The interaction of two layers is a sequential process, and the two layers take turns to optimize their routes. In the process of interaction, the operation of the overlay changes the traffic pattern of underlay TE, and underlay TE changes the delays of the overlay links [7]. The routing decision of one layer will impact the decision of the other layer.…”