A surface spectroscopic study of membranes fouled by pulp mill effluent1Issued as NRC #41964.1

Carlsson, D. J.; Dal‐Cin, Mauro M.; Black, P. E.; Lick, C.N

doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(97)00305-0

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the previous studies 21 of a number of different membrane types fouled by pulp mill effluent, polysulphone Distance/nm membranes showed large flux losses consistent with extensive fouling whereas other membrane types-regenerated cellulose and thin-film composites-showed little or no flux loss. This concurs with the adhesive forces measured for the polysulphone membrane in this study.…”

Section: Interaction Of Colloidal Cellulose With Clean and Cellubiosementioning

confidence: 86%

“…Typically, nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes are used for the treatment of bleach effluents, 16,17 colour removal, 18 reduction in the chemical oxygen demand of effluent streams for pollution abatement 19,20 and the reduction of suspended fibres and lignins, resin fatty acids, sugars and soluble carbohydrates. 21,22 Fouling of membranes in the pulp and paper industry is complex because both macromolecules and colloidal materials are present in the process streams. The aim of the present paper is to show how AFM can be used to quantify the interactions of such macromolecules with membranes and also to quantify the interactions of such colloids with clean and macromolecule-fouled membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cellubiose has been chosen as a macromolecular foulant for study because it is known to be an important constituent of the effluent water of pulp mills. 21 Colloidal cellulose particles have been chosen as colloidal foulants. The adhesion of a clean silica particle to the clean membranes has been used as a reference condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic force microscopy study of ultrafiltration membranes: solute interactions and fouling in pulp and paper processing

Bowen

Stoton

Doneva

2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to quantify directly the interaction (adhesion) of cellubiose and cellulose with two polymeric ultrafiltration membranes of similar molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) but different materials (ES404 and EM006, PCI Membranes, UK). Membrane ES404 is made from polyethersulphone alone and EM006 is made of a polyethersulphone-polyacrylate blend chosen specifically to increase the hydrophilic properties and decrease the fouling properties of the membrane. Cellubiose-modified silica probes were used to quantify the interaction of cellubiose with the clean membranes. Pure cellulose probes were used to quantify the interaction of cellulose with both clean and cellubiose-fouled membranes. All measurements were made in 10 −2 M NaCl solution. It was found that the cellubiose-modified probes had three times greater adhesion with the ES404 than with the EM006 membrane. The pure cellulose probe also had greater adhesion with the ES404 membrane. Cellubiose fouling of both membranes gave close to an order of magnitude increase in the adhesion of the cellulose probe. The results show how AFM in conjunction with the colloid probe technique can elucidate surface interactions in solution, in particular how macromolecular adsorption can modify the subsequent adhesion of particulates.

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Section: Interaction Of Colloidal Cellulose With Clean and Cellubiosementioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic force microscopy study of ultrafiltration membranes: solute interactions and fouling in pulp and paper processing

Bowen

Stoton

Doneva

2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…PEI shown at top, followed by increasing content of PEGDa up to 8% at the bottom. [29], hence this would represent a significant fraction of the skin layer thickness which determines the permeance and selectivity. The PEGDa content in the skin layer can be correlated with the peak ratios of absorptions which are unique to PEGDa or PEI.…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation performance of asymmetric membranes based on PEGDa/PEI semi-interpenetrating polymer network in pure and binary gas mixtures of CO2, N2 and CH4

Sundar¹,

Dal‐Cin²,

Kumar³

et al. 2010

Journal of Membrane Science

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“…However, membrane fouling limits the use of UF at a large scale in pulp and paper mills (Puro et al 2011). According to some studies, DCS (especially fatty and resin acids) (Carlsson et al 1998;Puro et al 2002), Ca 2+ (Li and Elimelech 2004;Abrahamse et al 2008), and Mg 2+ (Uyak et al 2014) are enriched in process water and can complex, contributing to pore blocking, cake layer formation, and concentration polarization during ultrafiltration (Wang et al 2013), ultimately reducing filtration efficiency. Currently, UF technology can only be used to filter paper mill effluent that has been pre-treated and meets discharge standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Ultrafiltration in a Paper Mill: Process Water Reuse and Membrane Fouling Analysis

et al. 2015

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High water consumption is a major environmental problem that the pulp and paper industry is facing. Ultrafiltration (UF) can be used to remove the dissolved and colloidal substances (DCS) concentrated during the recycling of white water (the process water) to facilitate the reuse of white water and reduce fresh water consumption. However, membrane fouling limits the application of UF in this industry. In this study, superclear filtrate obtained from a fine paper mill was purified with a polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane to evaluate the reuse performance of the ultrafiltrate. The membrane foulants were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrophotometry, attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the retention rate of stock and the strength properties of paper increased when the ultrafiltrate was reused in the papermaking process compared to when super-clear filtrate was used. The reversible membrane foulants during ultrafiltration accounted for 85.52% of the total foulants and primarily originated from retention aids, drainage aids, and wet strength resins, while the irreversible adsorptive foulants accounted for 14.48% and mostly came from sizing agents, coating chemicals, and others. Moreover, the presence of dissolved multivalent metal ions, especially Ca 2+ , accelerated membrane fouling.

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A surface spectroscopic study of membranes fouled by pulp mill effluent1Issued as NRC #41964.1

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Atomic force microscopy study of ultrafiltration membranes: solute interactions and fouling in pulp and paper processing

Atomic force microscopy study of ultrafiltration membranes: solute interactions and fouling in pulp and paper processing

Separation performance of asymmetric membranes based on PEGDa/PEI semi-interpenetrating polymer network in pure and binary gas mixtures of CO2, N2 and CH4

Application of Ultrafiltration in a Paper Mill: Process Water Reuse and Membrane Fouling Analysis

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