A surface‐near stress resulting from Tamm's surface states

Abstract

From the energy band approximation of KRONIG and PENNEY and TAMXI'S model of surface states a contribution of the electrons localized at the surface to the surface tension of a solid has been deduced. The results illustrate the difference between the surface tension and the surface energy in the case of a solid. It has been explained how the above riientioncd contribution to the surface tension is connected with the existence of a surplus surface-ncar lokal stress.Ausgehend von der Energieband-Nalierung von KRONIG und PENNY und dem Model1 der OberflachenzustBnde von T A n m wurde ein Beitrag der Elektronen, die an der Oberfltlclic lokalisiert sind, zur Oberfliichenspannung von Festkiirpern gefolgert. Die Ergebnisse illustrieren den Unterschied zwischen 0 berfliichenspannung und 0 berfllclienenergie bei Festkiirpern. Es wird gezeigt, wie der genannte Beitrag zur Oberfliichenspannung rnit der Existenz einer rialie der OberflBche lokalisierten Spannung verknupft ist.

Quantum Mechanical Models of Metal Surfaces and Nanoparticles

“…On a semiempirical base, Tyson and Miller [20] have derived a relation between the specific surface energy of a solid metal in contact with its vapor φ SV and the liquid-vapor surface energy of the same metal φ LV , both at the melting point T m . The authors also have estimated the surface entropy and have given a formula for the calculation of φ SV at any temperature between 0 K and T m .…”

“…Such a technical operation can serve for the explanation of the effect of an inherent near-surface stress on the fatigue limit. On the other hand, according to my theory of fatigue in [20] the defect growth is caused by the migration of particles into the defect due to gradients of tensile stresses. The particle flux can be reduced or stopped by stress gradients of opposite direction.…”