A surface chemistry model for nonreactive trace gas adsorption on ice: Implications for nitric acid scavenging by cirrus

Tabazadeh, A.; Toon, O. B.; Jensen, E. J.

doi:10.1029/1999gl900501

Cited by 50 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Because the HNO 3 coverage on ice is predicted to be a function of temperature and P (HNO 3 ) [Tabazadeh et al, 1999;Hudson et al, 2002], the P (HNO 3 ) value is also shown in this figure. Cirrus clouds were sometimes encountered in the upper troposphere over the tropical Pacific Ocean during the BIBLE aircraft measurements.…”

Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere

Kondo

Toon

Irie

et al. 2003

Geophysical Research Letters

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NOy (total reactive nitrogen) contained in ice particles was measured on board the NASA DC‐8 aircraft in the Arctic in January and March 2000. During some of the flights, the DC‐8 encountered widespread cirrus clouds. Large quantities of ice particles were observed at 8–12 km and particulate NOy showed large increases. The data indicate that the amount of NOy covering the cirrus ice particles strongly depended on temperature. Similar measurements were made in the upper troposphere over the tropical Pacific Ocean in August–September 1998 and 1999. The data obtained in the Arctic and tropics show very limited uptake of NOy on ice at temperatures above 215 K.

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Section: à3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uptake of HNO 3 on ice was also measured at 211 K at HNO 3 pressures of 10 À8 -10 À6 hPa [Zondlo et al, 1997]. These data were used to construct a Langmuir model, which describes the formation of a monolayer as a function of temperature and P (HNO 3 ) [Tabazadeh et al, 1999].…”

Section: à8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere

Kondo

Toon

Irie

et al. 2003

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Research into the adsorption of gaseous impurities on ice and snow has been carried out in laboratory studies by many groups ͑Clapsaddle and Lamb, 1989; Valdez et al, 1989;Mitra et al, 1990;Conklin and Bales, 1993;Chen and Crutzen, 1994;Tabazadeh et al, 1999;Domine et al, 2000;Huthwelker et al, 2001Huthwelker et al, , 2004Cho et al, 2002;Boxe et al, 2003;Khvorostyanov and Curry, 2004;Sadtchenko et al, 2004͒. Particular emphasis is on the uptake of SO 2 , which is a significant component of volcanic emissions and of the combustion of fossil fuels.…”

Section: Ice Core Climate Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

2006

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The surface of ice exhibits the swath of phase-transition phenomena common to all materials and as such it acts as an ideal test bed of both theory and experiment. It is readily available, transparent, optically birefringent, and probing it in the laboratory does not require cryogenics or ultrahigh vacuum apparatus. Systematic study reveals the range of critical phenomena, equilibrium and nonequilibrium phase-transitions, and, most relevant to this review, premelting, that are traditionally studied in more simply bound solids. While this makes investigation of ice as a material appealing from the perspective of the physicist, its ubiquity and importance in the natural environment also make ice compelling to a broad range of disciplines in the Earth and planetary sciences. In this review we describe the physics of the premelting of ice and its relationship with the behavior of other materials more familiar to the condensed-matter community. A number of the many tendrils of the basic phenomena as they play out on land, in the oceans, and throughout the atmosphere and biosphere are developed.

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“…Because NO and NO 2 have very low solubilities, their mixing ratios are not affected by the presence of liquid or ice hydrometeors. However, HNO 3 and other highly soluble species are readily scavenged by both liquid (via diffusion-limited mass transfer calculation) and ice (via the Langmuir equilibrium model approach, Tabazadeh et al, 1999;Popp et al, 2004) hydrometeors. Details of the algorithms are given in Barth et al (2001.…”

Section: The Wrf Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a new lightning-produced NO<sub>x</sub> parameterization for cloud resolving models and its associated uncertainties

Barthe

Barth

2008

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract.A new parameterization of the lightning-produced NO x has been developed for cloud-resolving models. This parameterization is based on the unique characteristics of identifying which convective cells are capable of producing lightning based on a vertical velocity threshold and estimating the lightning flash rate in each convective cell from the non-precipitation and precipitation ice mass flux product. Further, the source location is filamentary instead of volumetric as in most previous parameterizations.This parameterization has been tested on the 10 July 1996 Stratospheric-Tropospheric Experiment: Radiation, Aerosols and Ozone (STERAO) storm. Comparisons of the simulated flash rate and NO mixing ratio (control experiment) with observations at different locations and stages of the storm show good agreement. An individual flash produces on average 121±41 moles of NO (7.3±2.5×10 25 molecules NO) for the simulated high cloud base, high shear storm that is dominated by intra-cloud flash activity. Sensitivity tests have been performed to study the impact of the flash rate, the cloud-to-ground flash ratio, the flash length, the spatial distribution of the NO molecules, and the production rate per flash on the NO concentration and distribution. Results show a strong impact from the flash rate, the spatial placement of the lightning-NO x source and the number of moles produced per flash. On the other hand, the simulations show almost no impact from the different cloud-to-ground (CG) ratios and the lightning-NO x production rates per CG flash used as input to the model.

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A surface chemistry model for nonreactive trace gas adsorption on ice: Implications for nitric acid scavenging by cirrus

Cited by 50 publications

References 19 publications

Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere

Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

Evaluation of a new lightning-produced NO<sub>x</sub> parameterization for cloud resolving models and its associated uncertainties

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A surface chemistry model for nonreactive trace gas adsorption on ice: Implications for nitric acid scavenging by cirrus

Cited by 50 publications

References 19 publications

Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere

Uptake of reactive nitrogen on cirrus cloud particles in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere

The physics of premelted ice and its geophysical consequences

Evaluation of a new lightning-produced NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; parameterization for cloud resolving models and its associated uncertainties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Evaluation of a new lightning-produced NO<sub>x</sub> parameterization for cloud resolving models and its associated uncertainties