A Suggestion on the Origin of Cortilymph by Scanning Electron Microscope

Tanaka, Tohru; Takiguchi, Tetsuya; Aoki, Teruyuki

doi:10.5631/jibirin.66.333

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“…Paradoxically, a single injection of gentamicin and ethacrynic acid can cause massive damage to cochlear hair cells while vestibular hair cells remain intact ( McFadden et al., 2002 , Ding and Salvi, 2005 , Ding et al., 2010a , Ding et al., 2010b ). Cortilymph, fluid similar to perilymph within the tunnel of Corti, is believed to communicate with perilymph through relatively large channels in the basilar membrane located in the lower shelf of the osseous spiral lamina ( Engstrom, 1960 , Schuknecht and Seifi, 1963 , Tanaka et al., 1973 ). Since the body of cochlear hair cells, particularly outer hair cells, are bathed in Cortilymph, the gentamicin within this fluid has greater access to cochlear hair cells than vestibular hair cells which are tightly embedded and completely surrounded by supporting cells ( Schucnect, 1974 ).…”

Section: Co-administration Of Diuretics and Gentamicin Selectively Damentioning

confidence: 99%

Ototoxic effects and mechanisms of loop diuretics

Ding

et al. 2016

Journal of Otology

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Over the past two decades considerable progress has been made in understanding the ototoxic effects and mechanisms underlying loop diuretics. As typical representative of loop diuretics ethacrynic acid or furosemide only induces temporary hearing loss, but rarely permanent deafness unless applied in severe acute or chronic renal failure or with other ototoxic drugs. Loop diuretic induce unique pathological changes in the cochlea such as formation of edematous spaces in the epithelium of the stria vascularis, which leads to rapid decrease of the endolymphatic potential and eventual loss of the cochlear microphonic potential, summating potential, and compound action potential. Loop diuretics interfere with strial adenylate cyclase and Na+/K+-ATPase and inhibit the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in the stria vascularis, however recent reports indicate that one of the earliest effects in vivo is to abolish blood flow in the vessels supplying the lateral wall. Since ethacrynic acid does not damage the stria vascularis in vitro, the changes in Na+/K+-ATPase and Na-K-2Cl seen in vivo may be secondary effects results from strial ischemia and anoxia. Recent observations showing that renin is present in pericytes surrounding stria arterioles suggest that diuretics may induce local vasoconstriction by renin secretion and angiotensin formation. The tight junctions in the blood-cochlea barrier prevent toxic molecules and pathogens from entering cochlea, but when diuretics induce a transient ischemia, the barrier is temporarily disrupted allowing the entry of toxic chemicals or pathogens.

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Section: Co-administration Of Diuretics and Gentamicin Selectively Damentioning

confidence: 99%

Ototoxic effects and mechanisms of loop diuretics

Ding

et al. 2016

Journal of Otology

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A Suggestion on the Origin of Cortilymph by Scanning Electron Microscope

Cited by 1 publication

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Ototoxic effects and mechanisms of loop diuretics

Ototoxic effects and mechanisms of loop diuretics

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