A Substrate Integrated Gap Waveguide Based Wideband 3-dB Coupler for 5G Applications

In recent years, the hybrid branch‐line coupler has attracted much attention due to its appealing features such as of low cost and ease in fabrication for wireless communications. The fifth‐generation cellular networks promise to support several wireless technologies by capitalizing a multitude of frequencies and increase data rates. To achieve that, the butler matrix technique can be used to enhance both bandwidth and data rate with the implementation of beamforming. Conventional hybrid couplers are the main component to build a butler matrix, but they are generally bulky in size and narrow in bandwidth. Moreover, requirements imposed by newer wireless technologies makes the efforts in improving size compactness and bandwidth even more challenging. On the other hand, several techniques have been proposed in literature to solve both issues. This study focuses on the design challenges and issues of hybrid coupler designs and technologies, besides underlining their promising potential. In this context, several techniques for hybrid coupler to achieve the required bandwidth and size reduction are highlighted, such as the T‐shape, meander line, two sections, three‐section, and parallel couple lines.

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“…Block diagram for a hybrid coupler (A) 3 dB quadrature hybrid coupler 56 . (B) Hybrid branch‐line coupler 17 .…”

Section: Wideband Hybrid Couplersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of hybrid couplers: State‐of‐the‐art, applications, design issues and challenges

Abdulbari

Rahim

Soh

et al. 2021

Int J Numerical Modelling

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“…In ISGW, air gap is replaced by dielectric slab, which leads to easy integration, better stability, and more freedoms of circuit design 28 . The antennas, 29,30 microwave filters 31 and couplers 32 based on ISGW have been designed and demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated substrate groove gap waveguide and application for filter design

Chen

Shen

Zhang

et al. 2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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In this article, an integrated substrate groove gap waveguide (Integrated‐SGGW) is proposed, which is composed of gap and groove layer in printed circuit board technology, which is considered a highly integrated circuit design technology. Electromagnetic wave is transmitted via the dielectric groove in transverse electric mode. Firstly, the waveguide is analyzed, including dispersion characteristics, transmission characteristics, characteristic impedance and field distribution. Then, the theory of dispersion and characteristic impedance for the Integrated‐SGGW are given, and the waveguide is comprehensively analyzed. An Integrated‐SGGW is fabricated, verified, and compared with substrate integrated waveguide and other waveguides. To show Integrated‐SGGW applications in the design of millimeter wave circuits, a third‐order bandpass filter using the Integrated‐SGGW is designed, fabricated, and verified.

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“…To date, ISGW has been widely utilized for design of various microwave and mm-wave circuits, such as wideband couplers and combiners, 16,17 bandpass filters, [18][19][20] magneto-electric dipoles, 21,22 and slot antenna arrays, 23,24 etc. It has been found that ISGW based microwave and mm-wave devices have better performance than the counterparts of SIW circuits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic impedance of integrated substrate gap waveguide

Shen

Zhang

2021

Int J RF Mic Comp-Aid Eng

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A theoretical method is presented by which characteristic impedance of integrated substrate gap waveguide (ISGW) is analyzed. The method is essentially based on a variational function for the transmission-line capacitance in Fourier-transformed domain with test/trial functions of charge density distribution, in which transverse transmission-line Green's function is used to facilitate the variational analysis. The presented method simplifies the determination of the potential distribution function which must satisfy the complex boundary conditions of the ISGW. Moreover, two types of ISGW, that is, twoand three-layer ISGW, working in K and E band are considered and analyzed by this method. Finally, the method is compared to the simulated using High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) as well as measurements, and it is shown that the method leads to a very small inaccuracy compared to previously reported methods.

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A Substrate Integrated Gap Waveguide Based Wideband 3-dB Coupler for 5G Applications

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

A review of hybrid couplers: State‐of‐the‐art, applications, design issues and challenges

A review of hybrid couplers: State‐of‐the‐art, applications, design issues and challenges

Integrated substrate groove gap waveguide and application for filter design

Characteristic impedance of integrated substrate gap waveguide

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